Impact of Maternal Environment and Inflammation on Fetal Neurodevelopment

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 453 - 453

Published: April 11, 2024

During intrauterine life, external stimuli including maternal nutrition, lifestyle, socioeconomic conditions, anxiety, stress, and air pollution can significantly impact fetal development. The human brain structures begin to form in the early weeks of gestation continue grow mature throughout pregnancy. This review aims assess, based on latest research, environmental factors neonatal development, showing that oxidative stress inflammation are implied as a common factor for most stressors. Environmental insults induce inflammatory state modify nutrient supply fetus, possibly through epigenetic mechanisms, leading significant consequences morphogenesis neurological outcomes. These risk often synergic mutually reinforcing. Fetal growth restriction preterm birth represent paradigms reduced inflammation, respectively. mechanisms lead an increase free radicals and, consequently, with well-known adverse effects offspring’s neurodevelopment. Therefore, healthy environment is critical supporting normal Hence, healthcare professionals clinicians should implement effective interventions prevent reduce modifiable associated increased decreased during

Language: Английский

---

The Maternal Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentration in Early Pregnancy and Infant Neurodevelopment: The ECLIPSES Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 687 - 687

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) play a key role in early neurodevelopment, but evidence from observational and clinical studies remains inconsistent. This study investigates the association between maternal n-3 LCPUFA, Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations during pregnancy infant development functioning at 40 days. includes 348 mother–infant pairs. Maternal serum were assessed first third trimesters alongside sociodemographic, clinical, nutritional, psychological, obstetrical data. At days, Bayley Scales of Infant Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) was administered. An adjusted analysis revealed that lower first-trimester LCPUFA DHA are associated with better motor development. These results underscore potential significance status for influencing fetal neurodevelopment. However, complexity these associations necessitates further investigation, emphasizing urgent need additional to comprehensively elucidate nuanced interplay

Language: Английский

---

Gestational diabetes mellitus: Impacts on fetal neurodevelopment, gut dysbiosis, and the promise of precision medicine

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 11, 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder affecting approximately 16.5% of pregnancies worldwide and causing significant health concerns. GDM serious pregnancy complication caused by chronic insulin resistance in the mother has been associated with development neurodevelopmental disorders offspring. Emerging data support notion that affects both maternal fetal microbiome, altering composition function gut microbiota, resulting dysbiosis. The observed dysregulation microbial presence connected to problems. Several reviews have focused on intricate dysbiosis microbiome. Omics instrumental deciphering underlying relationship among GDM, dysbiosis, neurodevelopment, paving way for precision medicine. Microbiome-associated omics analyses help elucidate how contributes disturbances inflammation, linking changes adverse outcomes such as those seen GDM. Integrating across these different layers—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics—offers comprehensive view molecular landscape This review outlines affected pathways proposes future developments possible personalized therapeutic interventions integrating genetics, lifestyle factors, other relevant biomarkers aimed at identifying women high risk developing For example, machine learning tools emerged powerful capabilities extract meaningful insights from large datasets.

Language: Английский

---

Microbiome Gut-Brain-Axis: Impact on Brain Development and Mental Health

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract The current discovery that the gut microbiome, which contains roughly 100 trillion microbes, affects health and disease has catalyzed a boom in multidisciplinary research efforts focused on understanding this relationship. Also, it is commonly demonstrated CNS are closely related bidirectional pathway. A balanced microbiome essential for regular brain activities emotional responses. On other hand, regulates majority of GI physiology. Any disruption pathway led to progression problems both directions, neurological gastrointestinal diseases. In review, we hope shed light complicated connections microbiome-gut-brain axis critical roles early development order get deeper knowledge microbiome-mediated pathological conditions management options through rebalancing microbiome.

Language: Английский

---

Comparative analysis of pectin and prebiotics on human microbiota modulation in early life stages and adults

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(13), P. 6825 - 6846

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

The gut microbiota is essential in human health, influencing various physiological processes ranging from digestion and metabolism to immune function mental health.

Language: Английский

---

Placental Epigenome Impacts Fetal Development: Effects of Maternal Nutrients and Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 1860 - 1860

Published: June 13, 2024

Evidence is emerging on the role of maternal diet, gut microbiota, and other lifestyle factors in establishing lifelong health disease, which are determined by transgenerationally inherited epigenetic modifications. Understanding mechanisms may help identify novel biomarkers for gestation-related exposure, burden, or disease risk. Such essential developing tools early detection risk exposure levels. It necessary to establish an threshold due nutrient deficiencies environmental that can result clinically relevant alterations modulate risks fetus. This narrative review summarizes latest updates roles nutrients (n-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins) microbiota placental epigenome its impacts fetal brain development. unravels potential functional targeted intervention ensure optimal development performance later life.

Language: Английский

---

Long-Term Implicit Epigenetic Stress Information in the Enteric Nervous System and its Contribution to Developing and Perpetuating IBS

Current Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(13), P. 2100 - 2112

Published: May 10, 2024

: Psychiatric and mood disorders may play an important role in the development persistence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previously, we hypothesized that stress-induced implicit memories persist throughout life via epigenetic processes enteric nervous system (ENS), independent central (CNS). These ENS contribute to developing perpetuating IBS. Here, further elaborate on our earlier hypothesis. That is, during pregnancy, maternal prenatal stresses perturb HPA axis increase circulating cortisol levels, which can affect gut microbiota. Maternal cross placental barrier cortisol-circulating levels fetus. This leads dysregulation axis, affecting microbiota, microbial metabolites, intestinal permeability Microbial such as short-chain fatty acids (which also regulate fetal ENS), modulate a range diseases by inducing changes. mentioned suggest stress-related, implicit, long-term be programmed into pregnancy. Subsequently, this stress information from could conveyed CNS through bidirectional microbiota-gut-brain (MGBA), leading perturbed functional connectivity among various brain networks affective pain processes.

Language: Английский

---

Imbalance of gut microbiota in gestational diabetes

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Aim To investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition among nonpregnant women of reproductive age, healthy pregnant women, and gestational diabetes (GD) patients. Methods A total 45 outpatients were enrolled divided into three groups: age (control group, n = 23), (normal 10), GD patients (GD 12). Faecal samples collected sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyse microbial composition. Results (1) Pregnant exhibited an increase abundance Streptococcus (P normal 0.01286, P 0.002965) Blautia 0.0003924, 0.000246) but a decrease Roseburia 0.0361, 0.007075), Phascolarctobacterium 0.0003906, 0.02499) Lachnoclostridium 0.03866). (2) Compared with had excessive abundance. The less than those women. (3) Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased significantly 0.02985) not 0.1643). Conclusions Abnormal increases decreases abundances components, especially , observed Trial registration cross-sectional research was conducted accordance Declaration Helsinki, approved by Sir Run Shaw Hospital Clinical Trials Biomedical Ethics Committee. study has been registered Chinese Registry (ChiCTR1900026164, 24/09/2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=43,455 ).

Language: Английский

---

The link between obesity and the gut microbiota and immune system in early-life

Critical Reviews in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 21

Published: April 23, 2024

In early-life, the gut microbiota is highly modifiable, being modulated by external factors such as maternal microbiota, mode of delivery, and feeding strategies. The composition child's will deeply impact development maturation its immune system, with consequences for future health. As one main sources microorganisms to child, mother represents a crucial factor in establishment early-life impacting infant's wellbeing. Recent studies have proposed that dysbiotic could be transmitted offspring, influencing immunity, leading diseases obesity. This paper aims review recent findings system interaction highlighting benefits balanced regulation system.

Language: Английский

---

Nurturing development: how a mother's nutrition shapes offspring's brain through the gut

Nutritional Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 23

Published: May 23, 2024

Pregnancy is a transformative period marked by profound physical and emotional changes, with far-reaching consequences for both mother child. Emerging research has illustrated the pivotal role of mother's diet during pregnancy in influencing prenatal gut microbiome subsequently shaping neurodevelopment her offspring. The intricate interplay between maternal health, nutrition, neurodevelopmental outcomes emerged as captivating field investigation within developmental science. Acting dynamic bridge fetus, microbiome, directly indirectly, impacts offspring's through diverse pathways. This comprehensive review delves into spectrum studies, clarifying putative mechanisms which modulating microbiota, orchestrates early stages brain development. Drawing insights from animal models human cohorts, this work underscores implications health trajectories offers glimpse formulation targeted interventions able to optimize prospect tailored dietary recommendations expectant mothers emerges promising accessible intervention foster growth beneficial bacteria, potentially leading enhanced cognitive reduced risks disorders.

Language: Английский

---