The bidirectional interaction between antidepressants and the gut microbiota: are there implications for treatment response?

International Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 3 - 26

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

This review synthesizes the evidence on associations between antidepressant use and gut microbiota composition function, exploring microbiota's possible role in modulating treatment outcomes. Antidepressants exert an influence measures of microbial diversity. The most consistently reported differences were β-diversity those exposed to antidepressants not exposed, with longitudinal studies supporting a potential causal association. Compositional alterations users include increase Bacteroidetes phylum, Christensenellaceae family, Bacteroides Clostridium genera, while decrease was found Firmicutes Ruminococcaceae Ruminococcus genus. In addition, attenuate depressed healthy individuals, modulate serotonin transport, metabolic functions. These lyxose degradation, peptidoglycan maturation, membrane methylerythritol phosphate pathways, alongside gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism. Importantly, baseline increased α-diversity abundance Roseburia Faecalibacterium are associated response, emerging as promising biomarkers. highlights for predictor response emphasizes need further research elucidate mechanisms underlying antidepressant-microbiota interactions. More homogeneous standardized techniques required confirm these initial findings.

Language: Английский

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The microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases: a narrative review of the emerging literature

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 16, 2024

Importance Research is beginning to elucidate the sophisticated mechanisms underlying microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface, moving from primarily animal models human studies. Findings support dynamic relationships between gut microbiota as an ecosystem (microbiome) within (host) and its intersection with host immune nervous systems. Adding this effects on epigenetic regulation of gene expression further complicates strengthens response. At heart inflammation, which manifests in a variety pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Observations Generally, research date limited has focused bacteria, likely due simplicity cost-effectiveness 16s rRNA sequencing, despite lower resolution inability determine functional ability/alterations. However, omits all other fungi, viruses, phages, are emerging key members microbiome. Much been done pre-clinical and/or small studies more developed parts world. The observed promising but cannot be considered reliable or generalizable at time. Specifically, causal determined currently. More followed by then little MS. data for MS encouraging this. Conclusions relevance While still nascent, interface may missing link, hampered our progress understanding, let alone preventing, managing, putting into remission diseases. Relationships must first established humans, have shown poorly translate complex physiology environments, especially when investigating microbiome where often overly simplistic. Only can robust conducted humans using mechanistic model

Language: Английский

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Interkingdom signaling between gastrointestinal hormones and the gut microbiome

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

The interplay between the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones plays a pivotal role in health of host development diseases. As vital component intestinal microecosystem, influences synthesis release many through mechanisms such as modulating environment, producing metabolites, impacting mucosal barriers, generating immune inflammatory responses, releasing neurotransmitters. Conversely, exert feedback regulation on by nutrient absorption utilization, bacterial biological behavior composition. distributions are anatomically intertwined, close interactions crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Interventions leveraging have been employed clinical management metabolic diseases bowel diseases, bariatric surgery fecal transplantation, offering promising targets treatment dysbiosis-related

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Health in Mice Through Administration of Presumptive Probiotic Strain Lactiplantibacillus pentosus PE11

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 442 - 442

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

Background: Over the past decade, probiotics have gained increasing recognition for their health benefits to host. While most research has focused on therapeutic effects of in treatment various diseases, recent years seen a shift towards exploring role enhancing and supporting overall health. Methods: In this work, we studied novel potential probiotic strain, Lactiplantibacillus pentosus PE11, healthy mice following six-week dietary intervention. The assessment included monitoring general animals, biochemical analyses, profiling gut fecal microbial communities, gene expression analysis. Results: Our results showed that administration PE11 led changes composition microbiome, specifically an increase Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio relative abundance Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Rikenellaceae families. Reduced Tnf elevated Zo1 were also observed cecum, pointing anti-inflammatory properties improved intestinal barrier integrity. Additionally, significant reduction triglycerides alanine aminotransferase levels—within physiological ranges—was observed, along with trend toward decreased total cholesterol levels. Conclusions: These findings suggest mice, positively influence microbiome structure metabolism, thereby

Language: Английский

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Assessment of antiemetic and modulatory activity of dihydrocoumarin on copper sulfate induced emetic chicks: An in vivo investigation

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100930 - 100930

Published: Feb. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sensor behavior of transition-metals (X = Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt) doped Zn11-X-O12 nanostructured materials for the detection of serotonin

Materials Today Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 105048 - 105048

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Beneficial Effect of Increased Tryptophan Intake on Its Metabolism and Mental State of the Elderly

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 847 - 847

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

The elderly often suffer from sleep disorders and depression, which contribute to mood disorders. In our previous work, we showed that individuals with had a lower intake of TRP recommended TRP-based dietary intervention improve the mental state such individuals. this assessed impact TRP-rich diet on of, metabolism in, Forty depression an equal number subjects without were enrolled in study. was evaluated nutrition calculator. Patients than their normal counterparts received content 25 mg per kilogram body day for 12 weeks. before after Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). At those times, urinary levels its metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), L-kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic (KYNA), quinolinic (QA) determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry related creatinine level. After intervention, score ISI HAM-D decreased more half. A correlation analysis reveals TRP, 5-HIAA, KYNA might have anti-depressive action, while KYN QA—pro-depressive. urine disorder patients increased, QA decreased. conclusion, consumption adequate amount tryptophan has beneficial effect health improves amino acid. Therefore, TRP-enriched may be considered as component treatment

Language: Английский

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Interplay between Serotonin, Immune Response, and Intestinal Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(24), P. 15632 - 15632

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by periods of activity and remission. IBD includes Crohn’s disease (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC), even though has not been considered as heritable disease, there are genetic variants associated with increased risk for the disease. 5-Hydroxytriptamine (5-HT), or serotonin, exerts wide range effects under both normal pathological conditions. Furthermore, Serotonin Transporter (SERT) coded Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4 (SLC6A4) gene (located in 17q11.1-q12 chromosome), possesses variants, such Gene Variable Number Tandem Repeat Intron 2 (STin2-VNTR) Serotonin-Transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR), which have an influence over functionality SERT re-uptake bioavailability serotonin. The intestinal microbiota crucial actor human gut physiology, exerting on function, inflammatory processes. As consequence abnormal serotonin signaling function these processes, use selective inhibitors (SSRIs) seen to improve extraintestinal manifestations, depression anxiety. aim this study integrate scientific data linking regulator re-uptake, well its role pathogenesis IBD. We performed narrative review, including literature search PubMed database review original articles (no date restriction), information about SLC6A4 obtained from Ensembl website. Scientific evidence vitro, vivo, clinical trials regarding reuptake adjuvant therapy patients also discussed. A total 194 were used between reviews, vitro studies, trials.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Tryptophan Metabolism on Serotonin and Kynurenine Pathways in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 1262 - 1262

Published: March 3, 2023

(1) Background: L-tryptophan is a substrate for the synthesis of many biological compounds through serotonin and kynurenine pathways. These have significant influence on gastrointestinal functions mental processes. The aim study was to evaluate urinary excretion selected tryptophan metabolites in patients with constipation-predominant diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C IBS-D, respectively), related somatic symptoms. (2) Methods: 120 people were included three groups distinguished, 40 individuals each, including healthy subjects (controls), IBS-C IBS-D. Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS-IBS) used assess severity abdominal Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) Depression (HAM-D) state patients. Using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), following urine, creatinine level, measured: 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), (KYN), kynurenic (KYNA) quinolinic (QA). (3) Results: In both IBS, changes metabolism found as compared control group. We observed an increase activity pathway positive correlation between 5-HIAA level GSRS score (p < 0.01) HAM-A 0.001) IBS-D group characterized by higher concentration kynurenines (KYN, QA) urine. Moreover, QA KYNA 0.05) levels correlated HAM-D among (4) Conclusions: Various can determine differences clinical picture syndrome. results should be nutritional pharmacological treatment this

Language: Английский

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Serotonergic Control of Gastrointestinal Development, Motility, and Inflammation

Comprehensive physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 4851 - 4868

Published: June 26, 2023

Although it is most well-known for its roles in central nervous system (CNS) function, the vast majority of serotonin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), produced gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 5-HT synthesized mostly by enterochromaffin (EC) cells GI epithelium and, small part, neurons enteric (ENS). The tract contains an array broadly distributed receptors, which participate functions such as motility, sensation, inflammation, and neurogenesis. these are reviewed, well role pathophysiology disorders gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4851-4868, 2023.

Language: Английский

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