Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases (USPs) and Metabolic Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3219 - 3219

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are reversible processes that modify the characteristics of target proteins, including stability, intracellular localization, enzymatic activity. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) constitute largest deubiquitinating enzyme family. To date, accumulating evidence indicates several USPs positively negatively affect metabolic diseases. USP22 in pancreatic β-cells, USP2 adipose tissue macrophages, USP9X, 20, 33 myocytes, USP4, 7, 10, 18 hepatocytes, hypothalamus improve hyperglycemia, whereas USP19 adipocytes, USP21 USP2, 14, 20 hepatocytes promote hyperglycemia. In contrast, USP1, 5, 9X, 15, 22, 36, 48 modulate progression diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and/or retinopathy. ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while hepatic 11, 19, exacerbate it. The roles USP7 22 disorders controversial. 17, vascular cells postulated to be determinants atherosclerosis. Moreover, mutations

Language: Английский

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The Association Between Sarcopenia and Diabetes: From Pathophysiology Mechanism to Therapeutic Strategy

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 1541 - 1554

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract: Diabetes and sarcopenia are emerging as serious public health issues. Sarcopenia, an age-related disorder characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass function, is recognized a new complication in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Type insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, accumulation advanced glycation products increased oxidative stress, which can negatively affect mass, strength function leading to sarcopenia. There mutual interrelationship between T2DM light pathophysiology mechanism long-term outcome. will accelerate the decline turn lead glucose metabolism disorders, reduced physical activity risk diabetes. However, specific involved has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, this review aims explore therapeutic strategy related provide insight for future investigations, great significance improving quality life concurrently reducing incidence complications. Keywords: mellitus, sarcopenia, gut microbiota,

Language: Английский

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Insights into Pathogenesis, Nutritional and Drug Approach in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 136 - 136

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition related to the loss of muscle mass and strength due aging, eating habits, physical inactivity, or even caused by another disease. Affected individuals have higher risk falls may be associated with heart disease, respiratory diseases, cognitive impairment, consequently an increased hospitalization, in addition causing economic impact high cost care during stay hospitals. The standardization appropriate treatment for patients sarcopenia that could help reduce pathology-related morbidity necessary. For these reasons, this study aimed perform systematic review role nutrition drugs ameliorate health quality life sarcopenic PRISMA guidelines were followed. Lifestyle interventions shown profound on but using supplements different can also skeletal maintenance. Creatine, leucine, branched-chain amino acids, omega 3, vitamin D show benefits. Although controversial results, medications such as Metformin, GLP-1, losartan, statin, growth hormone, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors been considered alter sarcopenic's metabolic parameters, protect against cardiovascular diseases outcomes, while protecting muscles.

Language: Английский

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Impaired skeletal muscle regeneration in diabetes: From cellular and molecular mechanisms to novel treatments

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1204 - 1236

Published: March 14, 2024

Diabetes represents a major public health concern with considerable impact on human life and healthcare expenditures. It is now well established that diabetes characterized by severe skeletal muscle pathology limits functional capacity quality of life. Increasing evidence indicates also one the most prevalent disorders impaired regeneration, yet underlying mechanisms therapeutic treatments remain poorly established. In this review, we describe cellular molecular alterations currently known to occur during regeneration in people animal models diabetes, including its associated comorbidities, e.g., obesity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance. We role myogenic non-myogenic cell types conditions or without diabetes. Therapies for gaps our knowledge are discussed, while proposing future directions field.

Language: Английский

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Nutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Present Knowledge and Remaining Challenges

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 2748 - 2748

Published: Aug. 10, 2021

Unhealthy behaviours, including diet and physical activity, coupled with genetic predisposition, drive type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurrence severity; the present review aims to summarise most recent nutritional approaches in T2D, outlining unmet needs. Guidelines consistently suggest reducing energy intake counteract obesity epidemic, frequently resulting sarcopenic obesity, a condition associated poorer metabolic control cardiovascular disease. Various dietary have been proposed largely similar results, preference for Mediterranean best practice being that patients feel confident of maintaining long term based on individual preferences. Patient adherence is indeed pivotal factor weight loss long-term maintenance, requiring intensive lifestyle intervention. The consumption supplements continues increase even if international societies do not support their systematic use. Inositols vitamin D supplementation, as well micronutrients (zinc, chromium, magnesium) pre/probiotics, result modest improvement insulin sensitivity, but use systematically suggested. To reach desired goals, should be actively involved collaborative development personalised meal plan habitual aiming at normal body control.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Glucose-Lowering Drugs on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes: Current Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1958 - 1958

Published: Aug. 1, 2021

The age-related decrease in skeletal muscle mass together with the loss of power and function is defined sarcopenia. Mounting evidence suggests that prevalence sarcopenia higher patients type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), different mechanisms may be responsible for this association such as impaired insulin sensitivity, chronic hyperglycemia, advanced glycosylation end products, subclinical inflammation, microvascular macrovascular complications. Glucose-lowering drugs prescribed T2DM might impact on these leading to harmful or beneficial effect muscle. Importantly, beyond their glucose-lowering effects, affect per se equilibrium between protein anabolism catabolism through several involved physiology, contributing aim narrative review provide an update effects individuals T2DM, focusing parameters used define sarcopenia: strength (evaluated by handgrip strength), quantity/quality appendicular lean indexes), physical performance gait speed short battery). Furthermore, we also describe plausible which

Language: Английский

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Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly Patients with Frailty and/or Sarcopenia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(14), P. 8677 - 8677

Published: July 16, 2022

The life expectancy of the population is increasing worldwide due to improvements in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment diseases. This favors a higher prevalence type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) elderly. Sarcopenia frailty are also frequently present aging. These three entities share common mechanisms such as insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction. coexistence these situations worsens prognosis elderly patients. In this paper, we review main measures for prevention management sarcopenia and/or patients with T2DM.

Language: Английский

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Diabetic Muscular Atrophy: Molecular Mechanisms and Promising Therapies

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 30, 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a typical chronic disease that can be divided into 2 types, dependent on insulin deficiency or resistance. Incidences of diabetic complications gradually increase as the progresses. Studies in diabetes have mostly focused kidney and cardiovascular diseases, well neuropathy. However, DM also cause skeletal muscle atrophy. Diabetic muscular atrophy an unrecognized complication lead to quadriplegia severe cases, seriously impacting patients’ quality life. In this review, we first identify main molecular mechanisms from aspects protein degradation synthesis signaling pathways. Then, discuss regulatory atrophy, outline potential drugs treatments terms resistance, deficiency, inflammation, oxidative stress, glucocorticoids, other factors. It worth noting inflammation stress are closely related resistance Regulating may represent another very important way treat addition controlling signaling. Understanding mechanism could help reveal new treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for the Assessment of Body Composition in Sarcopenia and Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1864 - 1864

Published: April 29, 2022

Sarcopenia is emerging as a severe complication in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). On the other hand, it has been documented that nutritional aspects, such insufficient protein or total energy intake, increase sarcopenia risk. The analysis of body composition relevant approach to assess status, and different techniques are available. Among techniques, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) particularly interesting, since non-invasive, simple, less expensive than techniques. Therefore, we conducted review study analyze studies using BIA for T2DM patients with at risk catching it. Revised have provided important information concerning relationships between parameters (mainly muscle mass) aspects patients’ conditions, including comorbidities, on how avoid mass deterioration. Such findings suggest can be considered appropriate complicated by sarcopenia/muscle loss. wide size cohort many confirms convenient clinical applications. However, specific focus validation BIA, peculiar population sarcopenia, should considered.

Language: Английский

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Higher risk of sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes: NHANES 1999-2018

Obesity Facts, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 237 - 248

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Introduction: Recent studies suggested that sarcopenia may be a significant comorbidity of diabetes mellitus (DM). Nonetheless, with nationally representative data are scarce, and the changing trend prevalence over time is largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to estimate compare in diabetic nondiabetic US older population, explore potential predictors as well prevalent past decades. Methods: Data were retrieved from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Sarcopenia DM defined according corresponding diagnosis criteria. Weighted was calculated compared between participants. The differences among age ethnicity groups explored. Results: A total 6,381 adults (>50 years) involved. overall 17.8% for elders, higher (27.9% vs. 15.7%) those ones than without. Stepwise regression revealed significantly associated (adjusted odds ratio = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.22; p < 0.05) after controlling confounders including gender, age, ethnicity, educational level, BMI, muscle strengthening activity. slight fluctuation but increasing observed while no obvious their counterparts recent Conclusion: Diabetic face risk when counterparts. Gender, obesity important influencing factors development.

Language: Английский

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