Hormonal regulation of mammary gland development and lactation

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 46 - 61

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Bacterial Profile Modulate Infant Body Composition during Exclusive Breastfeeding

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2865 - 2865

Published: March 5, 2022

Human milk is a complex and variable ecosystem fundamental to the development of newborns. This study aimed investigate relationships between human oligosaccharides (HMO) bacterial profiles infant body composition. samples (n = 60) were collected at two months postpartum. Infant maternal composition was measured with bioimpedance spectroscopy. assessed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing 19 HMOs quantitated high-performance liquid chromatography. Relative abundance taxa significantly associated concentrations several fucosylated sialylated HMOs. Individual bacteria HMO intakes also anthropometry, fat-free mass, adiposity. Furthermore, when data stratified based on secretor status, some these differed among infants born vs non-secretor mothers. In conclusion, in this pilot profile composition, associations modified by status. Future research designed increase understanding mechanisms which modulate should include addition concentrations.

Language: Английский

---

Invited review: Human, cow, and donkey milk comparison: Focus on metabolic effects

Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(5), P. 3072 - 3085

Published: March 7, 2023

Milk is an important food of the daily diet. Many countries include it in their dietary recommendations due to its content several nutrients that exert beneficial effects on human health. Human milk a newborn's first and plays role growth, development, future health every individual. Cow type most consumed world. However, relatively high saturated fats raises concerns about potential adverse health, although epidemiological studies have disproved this association. Indeed, dairy consumption appear be linked lower risk mortality major cardiovascular disease events. In last few years many researchers begun focus attention both production quality cow as well analysis from other animal species evaluate effect The need investigate composition metabolic arises reactions individuals groups certain components milk. It has emerged donkey compared with species, nearest excellent substitute for it. various shows substantial differences nutritional distinct effects. review, we discussed main compositional features 3 types milk: human, cow,

Language: Английский

---

Human Milk Bioactive Components and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First 2 Years: A Systematic Review

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 100127 - 100127

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Human milk (HM) contains macronutrients, micronutrients, and a multitude of other bioactive factors, which can have long-term impact on infant growth development. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 2022 HM components anthropometry through 2 y age among term-born infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 141 articles were included categorized based their reporting or components. Bioactives including hormones, oligosaccharides (HMOs), immunomodulatory are reported here, 75 from 69 unique studies observations 9980 dyads. Research designs, collection strategies, sampling times, geographic socioeconomic settings, practices, outcomes varied considerably. Meta-analyses not possible because data times inconsistent the included. Few measured intake, adjusted for confounders, precisely captured breastfeeding exclusivity, adequately described protocols. Only 5 (6%) had high overall quality scores. Hormones most extensively examined with 46 (n = 6773 dyads), compared 13 2640 dyads) HMOs 12 1422 Two conducted untargeted metabolomics. Leptin adiponectin demonstrated inverse associations growth, although several found no associations. No consistent individual outcomes. Among in HM, IL-6 relationships growth. Current research bioactives is largely inconclusive insufficient address complex composition HM. Future should ideally capture use biologically relevant anthropometrics, integrate across categories, embracing systems biology approach better understand how work independently synergistically influence

Language: Английский

---

Human Milk Macronutrients and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First Two Years: A Systematic Review

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 100149 - 100149

Published: Nov. 18, 2023

Among exclusively breastfed infants, human milk (HM) provides complete nutrition in the first mo of life and remains an important energy source as long breastfeeding continues. Consisting digestible carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, well fats fatty macronutrients have been studied; however, many aspects related to their relationship growth early are still not understood. We systematically searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Science synthesize evidence published between 1980 2022 on HM components anthropometry through 2 y age among term-born healthy infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 57 articles reporting observations from 5979 dyads were included categorized based infant growth. There was substantial heterogeneity anthropometric outcome measurement, collection timelines, sampling strategies; thus, meta-analysis possible. In general, carbohydrates positively associated with weight outcomes. Protein length, but no associations reported for weight. Finally, fat consistently any metrics, though various single studies. Fatty acid intakes generally head circumference, except docosahexaenoic acid. Our synthesis literature limited by differences strategies, outcomes analytical methodologies, insufficient results. Moving forward, researchers should accurately record account exclusivity, use consistent protocols that temporal variation macronutrients, reliable, sensitive, accurate techniques macronutrient analysis.

Language: Английский

---

Relationships between the Intakes of Human Milk Components and Body Composition of Breastfed Infants: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 2370 - 2370

Published: May 18, 2023

Human milk provides all of the elements necessary for infant growth and development. Previous studies have reported associations between breastfeeding a reduced risk developing obesity late-onset metabolic disorders; however, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, intakes human components been associated with body composition, which is likely partially implicated in childhood among breastfed infants. In this systematic review, we searched electronic bibliographic databases that explored relationships 24 h macronutrients bioactive composition and/or parameters. Of 13 eligible studies, 10 assessed outcomes macronutrients, while 8 components. Significant time-dependent anthropometrics were found no concentrations several components, such as lactose, total protein, oligosaccharides, suggesting measuring without quantifying intake by may provide limited understanding. Future investigating effect on should consider actual employ standardised methods intake.

Language: Английский

---

Exclusively Breastfed Infant Microbiota Develops over Time and Is Associated with Human Milk Oligosaccharide Intakes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2804 - 2804

Published: March 3, 2022

Temporal development of maternal and infant microbiomes during early life impacts short- long-term health. This study aimed to characterize bacterial dynamics within faecal, human milk (HM), oral, faecal samples the exclusive breastfeeding period document associations between oligosaccharide (HMO) intakes oral profiles. Maternal (n = 10) were collected at 2−5, 30, 60, 90 120 days postpartum full-length 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene was sequenced. Nineteen HMOs quantitated using high-performance liquid chromatography. Bacterial profiles unique each sample type changed significantly over time, with a large degree intra- inter-individual variation in all types. Beta diversity stable time HM samples, however, microbiota day 2−5 differed from other points (all p < 0.02). HMO concentrations showed differential taxa observed samples. The direct clinical relevance this, is unknown. Regardless, future studies should account for when modelling impact on growth, as it may have implications development.

Language: Английский

---

Residents or Tourists: Is the Lactating Mammary Gland Colonized by Residential Microbiota?

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1009 - 1009

Published: May 17, 2024

The existence of the human milk microbiome has been widely recognized for almost two decades, with many studies examining its composition and relationship to maternal infant health. However, richness viability microbiota is surprisingly low. Given that lactating mammary gland houses a warm nutrient-rich environment in contact external environment, it may be expected would contain high biomass microbiome. This discrepancy raises question whether bacteria come from true microbial colonization (“residents”) or are merely result constant influx other bacterial sources (“tourists”). By drawing together data animal, vitro, studies, this review will examine colonized by residential

Language: Английский

---

Impact of Freezing, Storage, and Pasteurization on Nutritional Components and Redox Biomarkers in Human Milk Donations

Breastfeeding Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

This study evaluates the impact of various processing steps in human milk (HM) donation chain on nutritional composition and oxidative biomarkers, specifically focusing triacylglycerols, glucose, polyphenols, lipid peroxides.

Language: Английский

---

Breastfeeding Longitudinal Observational Study of Mothers and Kids—BLOSOM Cohort

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

The Breastfeeding Longitudinal Observational Study of Mothers and kids (BLOSOM) is a single-centre prospective cohort study conducted in Perth (Western Australia) that collected data from 2018 to 2020 aimed investigate the mechanisms by which human milk affects infant growth, health, body composition [...]

Language: Английский

---