The Role of Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5003 - 5003

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Over a hundred years of study on the favourable effect ketogenic diets in treatment epilepsy have contributed to long-lasting discussion its potential influence other neurological diseases. A significant increase number scientific studies that field has been currently observed. The aim this paper is widespread, thorough analysis available evidence respect role diet therapy diseases such as: epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and migraine. wide range mechanisms action demonstrated diseases, including, among effects, reduction inflammatory conditions amount reactive oxygen species (ROS), restoration myelin sheath neurons, formation regeneration mitochondria, neuronal metabolism, provision an alternative source energy for neurons (ketone bodies), glucose insulin concentrations, amyloid plaques, induction autophagy, alleviation microglia activation, excessive modulation intestinal microbiota, expression genes, dopamine production glutamine conversion into GABA. discussed (including randomised controlled studies), conducted patients, stressed effectiveness promising therapeutic frequent advantage was over non-ketogenic (in control groups) with simultaneous safety feasibility when conducting nutritional model.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Lifestyle Interventions in PCOS Management: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 310 - 310

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among reproductive-aged women. It characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle changes are suggested as first-line interventions in managing PCOS. This systematic review aims to assess scientific evidence regarding role lifestyle modifications (dietary changes, physical activity, behavioral changes) improving reproductive, anthropometric, metabolic, psychological outcomes women with Dietary such foods low glycemic index scores; caloric restrictions; high-fiber, omega three fatty acid-rich diets; ketogenic Mediterranean antioxidant-rich food; anti-inflammatory diets improve insulin sensitivity hormonal balance Physical like aerobic resistance exercise, enhances sensitivity, helps weight loss, improves metabolic reproductive Further, education modules can also be used awareness, adherence, effectiveness conventional treatment manage mental health issues related Collectively, not only biochemical, hormonal, anthropometric parameters PCOS patients but reduce long-term risks cardiovascular diseases.

Language: Английский

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Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Neurological Diseases: A Review

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 71 - 71

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

The ketogenic diet (KD), high in fat and low carbohydrates, was introduced the 1920s as a non-pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, beneficial effects have been observed neurological diseases such epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease. This review examines impact molecular neuroglial complementary therapy diseases. KD associated with neuroprotective antioxidant that improve mitochondrial function, regulate neurotransmitter flow, reduce neuroinflammation oxidative stress. Glial cells play an essential role utilization ketone bodies (KBs) within central nervous system's metabolism, particularly during ketosis induced by KD. Thus, represents broad promising strategy involves both neurons glial cells, on brain metabolism neuroinflammatory homeostasis. Multiple mechanisms identified to explain benefits diseases; however, further experimental clinical studies are needed address various pathways order achieve conclusive results.

Language: Английский

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The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(20), P. 12289 - 12289

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

The bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and Central Nervous System, so-called brain axis (GMBA), deeply affects function has an important impact on development of neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), gastrointestinal symptoms often precede onset motor non-motor manifestations, alterations in GM composition accompany pathogenesis. Several studies have been conducted to unravel role dysbiosis intestinal permeability PD progression, but therapeutic diagnostic applications modifying approaches remain be fully elucidated. After a brief introduction involvement GMBA disease, we present evidence for leaky patients. According these data, then review potential GM-based signatures serve as biomarkers highlight emerging probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, dietary interventions, fecal transplantation supportive PD. Finally, analyze mutual influence commonly prescribed medications gut-microbiota, offer insights also nasal oral pathology, thus providing comprehensive up-to-date overview microbial features diagnosis treatment.

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis and treatment of depression: Role of diet in prevention and therapy

Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 112143 - 112143

Published: June 28, 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in depression, which is related to, among other things, the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression can be fatal if not treated or inappropriately. leading cause of suicide attempts. The disease multifactorial, and pharmacotherapy often fails to bring satisfactory results. Therefore, increasingly more importance attached natural healing substances nutrients food, significantly affect therapy process prevention depressive disorders. A proper diet vital preventing depression valuable addition psychological pharmacologic treatment. An inadequate may reduce effectiveness antidepressants their side effects, life-threatening symptoms. This study aimed review literature on pathogenesis development treatment with particular emphasis dietary supplements role nutrition

Language: Английский

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The brain-gut-microbiota interplay in depression: A key to design innovative therapeutic approaches

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 106799 - 106799

Published: May 19, 2023

Depression is the most prevalent mental disorder in world associated with huge socio-economic consequences. While depressive-related symptoms are well known, molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology and progression remain largely unknown. The gut microbiota (GM) emerging as a key regulator of central nervous system homeostasis by exerting fundamental immune metabolic functions. In turn, brain influences intestinal microbial composition through neuroendocrine signals, within so-called microbiota-brain axis. balance this bidirectional crosstalk important to ensure neurogenesis, preserve integrity blood-brain barrier avoid neuroinflammation. Conversely, dysbiosis permeability negatively affect development, behavior, cognition. Furthermore, although not fully defined yet, changes GM depressed patients reported influence pharmacokinetics common antidepressants affecting their absorption, metabolism, activity. Similarly, neuropsychiatric drugs may shape turn an impact on efficacy toxicity pharmacological intervention itself. Consequently, strategies aimed at re-establishing correct homeostatic (i.e., prebiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation, dietary interventions) represent innovative approach improve pharmacotherapy depression. Among these, probiotics Mediterranean diet, alone or combination standard care, hold promise for clinical application. Therefore, disclosure intricate network between depression will give precious insights diagnostic therapeutic approaches towards depression, profound implications drug development practice.

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Ketogenic Diet on Gut Microbiota: Potential Benefits, Risks and Indications

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3680 - 3680

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) restricts carbohydrate consumption, leading to an increase in ketone bodies, such as acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, which are utilized energy substrates. This dietary approach impacts several biochemical processes, resulting improved clinical management of various disorders, particularly childhood. However, the exact mechanisms underlying efficacy KD remain unclear. Interestingly, may also impact gut microbiota, plays a pivotal role metabolism, nutrition, development immune nervous systems. has gained popularity for its potential benefits weight loss, blood sugar control, certain neurological conditions. narrative review sums up KD-related studies published over 30 years. While short-term have provided valuable insights into effects on persistent uncertainties surround long-term inducing dysbiosis. significant influence epigenetic mechanisms, intracellular pathways, microbial composition underscores therapeutic choice. judicious consideration risks associated with strict adherence low-carbohydrate, high-fat, high-protein regimen prolonged periods is imperative. As KDs gain among adolescent young adult demographic management, it becomes imperative undertake additional research comprehensively assess their nutritional status ensuring holistic sustainable medical nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Ketone Bodies and Ketogenic Diet in Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 124 - 124

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Ketone bodies (KBs), such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, serve crucial alternative energy sources during glucose deficiency. KBs, generated through ketogenesis in the liver, are metabolized into acetyl-CoA extrahepatic tissues, entering tricarboxylic acid cycle electron transport chain for ATP production. Reduced metabolism mitochondrial dysfunction correlate with increased neuronal death brain damage cerebral ischemia neurodegeneration. Both KBs ketogenic diet (KD) demonstrate neuroprotective effects by orchestrating various cellular processes metabolic signaling functions. They enhance function, mitigate oxidative stress apoptosis, regulate epigenetic post-translational modifications of histones non-histone proteins. Additionally, KD contribute to reducing neuroinflammation modulating autophagy, neurotransmission systems, gut microbiome. This review aims explore current understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning against neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease.

Language: Английский

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The Inflammatory Mechanism of Parkinson’s Disease: Gut Microbiota Metabolites Affect the Development of the Disease Through the Gut–Brain Axis

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 159 - 159

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Parkinson's disease is recognized as the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, with its incidence rate projected to increase alongside ongoing population growth. However, precise etiology of remains elusive. This article explores inflammatory mechanisms linking gut microbiota disease, emphasizing alterations in and their metabolites that influence disease's progression through bidirectional transmission signals along gut-brain axis. Building on this mechanistic framework, further discusses research methodologies treatment strategies focused metabolites, including metabolomics detection techniques, animal model investigations, therapeutic approaches such dietary interventions, probiotic treatments, fecal transplantation. Ultimately, aims elucidate relationship between underlying thereby paving way for novel avenues condition.

Language: Английский

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Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics in autistic regression reveals dysregulation of sphingolipids and decreased β-hydroxybutyrate

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 105664 - 105664

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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