Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 4491 - 4491

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved aging. Likewise, gut microbiota, which influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays crucial role modulation these mechanisms. Mediterranean well components present it, offer some proof this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on promotion lifestyle habits reduce development pathologies associated with aging, order to increase quality In this review we analyze influence diet pathways microbiota more favorable patterns, its possible anti-aging treatment.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and its comorbidities, current treatment options and future perspectives: Challenging bariatric surgery?

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 251, P. 108549 - 108549

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Obesity and its comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, heart failure non-alcoholic liver disease are a major health economic burden with steadily increasing numbers worldwide. The need for effective pharmacological treatment options is strong, but, until recently, only few drugs have proven sufficient efficacy safety. This article provides comprehensive overview of obesity special focus on organ-specific pathomechanisms. Bariatric surgery as the so far most-effective therapeutic strategy, current future strategies will be discussed. An knowledge about gut-brain axis especially identification physiology incretins unfolds high number potential drug candidates impressive weight-reducing potential. Future multi-modal concepts in may surpass effectivity bariatric not regard to weight loss, but also associated comorbidities.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals and Their Usefulness in the Maintenance of Health

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 523 - 523

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Inflammation is the immune system’s first biological response to infection, injury, or irritation. Evidence suggests that anti-inflammatory effect mediated by regulation of various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α, interferon gamma-γ, well non-cytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2. Currently, mechanism action and clinical usefulness phytochemicals known; their on activity free radicals, oxidative stress. The latter are great relevance in development diseases, evidence collected demonstrates beneficial effects maintaining health. Epidemiological indicates regular consumption fruits vegetables related a low risk developing cancer other chronic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean diet and mitochondria: New findings

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 112165 - 112165

Published: April 5, 2023

Mitochondria are subcellular organelles known for their central role in several energetic processes. Accumulating evidence supports a key mitochondria the physiological response to both acute and chronic stress exposure, and, ultimately, biological embedding of adversity health psychological functioning that increases interest these medical conditions typical older people. At same time, Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) seems affect function further justifying this lowering risk negative outcomes. In review, we have elucidated human diseases including fundamental stress, aging, neuropsychiatric metabolic disorders. Overall, MedDiet can limit production free radicals, being rich polyphenols. Moreover, reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) ameliorated damage apoptosis. Similarly, whole grains maintain respiration membrane potential, finally improving function. Other components anti-inflammatory effects, again modulating For example, delphinidin (a flavonoid present red wine berries) restored elevated level respiration, mtDNA content, complex IV activity; similarly, resveratrol lycopene, grapefruits tomatoes, exerted an effect enzymes. Altogether, findings support notion positive effects be mediated by modulation indicating necessity studies beings confirming findings.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Fission as a Therapeutic Target for Metabolic Diseases: Insights into Antioxidant Strategies

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1163 - 1163

Published: May 27, 2023

Mitochondrial fission is a crucial process in maintaining metabolic homeostasis normal physiology and under conditions of stress. Its dysregulation has been associated with several diseases, including, but not limited to, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve vital role the genesis these conditions, mitochondria are both main sites ROS production primary targets ROS. In this review, we explore physiological pathological roles mitochondrial fission, its regulation by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), interplay between health We also discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting through antioxidant treatments for ROS-induced including effects lifestyle interventions, dietary supplements, chemicals, such as division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1) other inhibitors, well certain commonly used drugs This review highlights importance understanding approach to protecting against conditions.

Language: Английский

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NAFLD, MAFLD, and beyond: one or several acronyms for better comprehension and patient care

Internal and Emergency Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 993 - 1006

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Abstract The term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has rapidly become the most common type of chronic disease. NAFLD points to excessive hepatic fat storage and no evidence secondary accumulation in patients with “no or little alcohol consumption”. Both etiology pathogenesis are largely unknown, a definitive therapy is lacking. Since very often closely associated metabolic dysfunctions, consensus process ongoing shift acronym MAFLD, i.e., metabolic-associated change terminology likely improve classification affected individuals, awareness, comprehension pathophysiological aspects involved, choice more personalized therapeutic approaches while avoiding intrinsic stigmatization due “non-alcoholic”. Even recently, other sub-classifications have been proposed concentrate heterogeneous causes under one umbrella. While awaiting additional validation studies this field, we discuss main reasons underlying important paradigm.

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Metabolism: A New Dimension of Personalized Oncology

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 4058 - 4058

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Energy is needed by cancer cells to stay alive and communicate with their surroundings. The primary organelles for cellular metabolism energy synthesis are mitochondria. Researchers recently proved that can steal immune cells’ mitochondria using nanoscale tubes. This finding demonstrates the dependence of on normal living function. It also denotes importance in biology. Emerging evidence has demonstrated how essential survive harsh tumor microenvironments, evade system, obtain more aggressive features, resist treatments. For instance, functional improve resistance against radiotherapy scavenging released reactive oxygen species. Therefore, targeting potentially enhance oncological outcomes, according this notion. tumors’ responses anticancer treatments vary, ranging from a complete response even progression during treatment. personalized treatment crucial importance. So far, been based genomic analysis. Evidence shows tumors high mitochondrial content resistant paper illustrates participate chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy. Pretreatment evaluation provide additional information analysis help article outlines biology

Language: Английский

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Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome by Phytochemicals and Vitamin D

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(3), P. 2627 - 2627

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

In recent years, attention has focused on the roles of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables maintaining improving intestinal environment preventing metabolic syndrome. A high-fat high-sugar diet, lack exercise, excess energy accumulation body can cause syndrome induce obesity, diabetes, disorders circulatory system liver. Therefore, prevention is important. The current review shows that simultaneous intake contained citruses grapes together with vitamin D improves state gut microbiota immunity, related diseases. Phytochemicals include polyphenols such as hesperidin, rutin, naringin; those quercetin, procyanidin, oleanolic acid. these D, along prebiotics probiotics, nurture good microbiota. general, Firmicutes are obese-prone Bacteroidetes lean-prone microbiota; regulatory T cells, which suppress inflammatory responses upregulate immunity. Maintaining suppresses TNF-α, an cytokine also considered to be a pathogenic contributor adipokine, prevents chronic inflammation, thereby helping prevent enhances adiponectin, protector adipokine For reduction various disease risks, will important for human health future.

Language: Английский

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Personalizing Nutrition Strategies: Bridging Research and Public Health

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 305 - 305

Published: March 13, 2024

In recent years, although life expectancy has increased significantly, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to pose a significant threat the health of global population. Therefore, eating habits have been recognized as key modifiable factors that influence people’s and well-being. For this reason, it is interesting study dietary patterns, since human diet complex mixture macronutrients, micronutrients, bioactive compounds, can modulate multiple physiological processes, including immune function, metabolism, inflammation. To ensure data we acquired were current relevant, searched primary secondary sources, scientific journals, bibliographic indexes, databases in last 15 years with most relevant articles. After search, observed all research on NCDs suggests critical factor shaping an individual’s outcomes. Thus, cardiovascular, metabolic, mental, dental, visual depends largely intake, nutritional behaviors. A high processed refined foods, added sugars, saturated fats increase risk developing chronic diseases. On other hand, rich whole, nutrient-dense such vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, adherence Mediterranean improve health’s people.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 327 - 327

Published: June 11, 2024

Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between syndrome diabesity, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against involving integrative approaches improve lifestyle daily diet. The beneficial effects foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, control, physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined large body published articles basic, animal, human studie, well recent guidelines. As result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants adherence Mediterranean diet, along with exercise, are promising complementary therapies delay or prevent onset counteract diabesity cardiovascular diseases, protect disorders cognitive decline. Modulation reduces risks associated MS, improves diabetes diseases (CVD), exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, estimation polyphenol intake is inconclusive requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions reduced calorie can outcomes.

Language: Английский

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