The correlation between gut microbiota and both neurotransmitters and mental disorders: A narrative review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(5), P. e37114 - e37114

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is embedded with microorganisms of numerous genera, referred to as gut microbiota. Gut microbiota has multiple effects on many body organs, including the brain. There a bidirectional connection between and brain called gut-brain-axis, these connections are formed through immunological, neuronal, neuroendocrine pathways. In addition, modulates synthesis functioning neurotransmitters. Therefore, disruption in composition or function, which known dysbiosis, associated pathogenesis mental disorders, such schizophrenia, depression, other psychiatric disorders. This review aims summarize modulation role 4 prominent neurotransmitters (tryptophan serotonergic system, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate), well its association disorders (schizophrenia, anxiety autism spectrum disorder). More future research required develop efficient gut-microbiota-based therapies for illnesses.

Language: Английский

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Critical Review of the Cross-Links Between Dietary Components, the Gut Microbiome, and Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 614 - 614

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and mental health, particularly depression, has become a focal point of contemporary research. This critical review examines how specific dietary components, such as fiber, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, bioactive compounds, shape microbiome influence microbial metabolism in order to regulate depressive outcomes. These dietary-induced changes microbiota can modulate production metabolites, which play vital roles gut–brain communication. axis facilitates this communication through neural, immune, endocrine pathways. Alterations metabolites central nervous system (CNS) functions by impacting neuroplasticity, inflammatory responses, neurotransmitter levels—all are linked onset course depression. highlights recent findings linking components with beneficial composition reduced symptoms. We also explore challenges individual variability responses interventions long-term sustainability these strategies. underscores necessity for further longitudinal mechanistic studies elucidate precise mechanisms diet interactions be leveraged mitigate paving way personalized nutritional therapies.

Language: Английский

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A review of the pharmacological action and mechanism of natural plant polysaccharides in depression

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Depression is a prevalent mental disorder. However, clinical treatment options primarily based on chemical drugs have demonstrated varying degrees of adverse reactions and drug resistance, including somnolence, nausea, cognitive impairment. Therefore, the development novel antidepressant medications that effectively reduce suffering side effects has become prominent area research. Polysaccharides are bioactive compounds extracted from natural plants possess diverse pharmacological activities medicinal values. It been discovered polysaccharides can mitigate depression symptoms. This paper provides an overview action mechanisms, intervention approaches, experimental models regarding derived various sources. Additionally, we summarize roles potential mechanisms through which these prevent by regulating neurotransmitters, HPA axis, neurotrophic factors, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, tryptophan metabolism, gut microbiota. Natural plant hold promise as adjunctive antidepressants for prevention, reduction, exerting their therapeutic multiple pathways targets. this review aims to provide scientific evidence developing polysaccharide resources effective drugs.

Language: Английский

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The potential role of Tirzepatide as adjuvant therapy in countering colistin-induced nephro and neurotoxicity in rats via modulation of PI3K/p-Akt/GSK3-β/NF-kB p65 hub, shielding against oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and activation of p-CREB/BDNF/TrkB cascade

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 112308 - 112308

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance of Tryptophan Metabolism and signaling in cancer

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Reelin in the Enteric Nervous System and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Implications for Depression and Antidepressant Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 814 - 814

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Current pharmacological treatments for depression fail to produce adequate remission in a significant proportion of patients. Increasingly, other systems, such as the microbiome-gut-brain axis, are being looked at putative novel avenues treatment. Dysbiosis and dysregulation along this axis highly comorbid with severity symptoms. The endogenous extracellular matrix protein reelin is present all intestinal layers well myenteric submucosal ganglia, its receptors also gut. Reelin secretion from subepithelial myofibroblasts regulates cellular migration crypt-villus small intestine colon. brain expression downregulated mood psychotic disorders, injections have fast antidepressant-like effects animal models depression. This review seeks discuss roles gastrointestinal system propose role actions microbiota-gut-brain pathogenesis treatment depression, primarily reflecting on alterations gut epithelial cell renewal clustering serotonin transporters.

Language: Английский

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Modulatory Effects of Phytochemicals on Gut–Brain Axis: Therapeutic Implication

Current Developments in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 103785 - 103785

Published: May 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and immune dysfunction: Consequences and natural remedies for management

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 235 - 264

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Mediated Changes in Immune Cytokine Expression in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 31, 2025

Language: Английский

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Antidepressive Effect of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting BDNF-TrkB in Gut–Brain Axis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14968 - 14968

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Modern neurological approaches enable detailed studies on the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. An imbalance in microbiota–gut–brain axis contributes to pathogenesis This extensive review aimed elucidate antidepressive effects brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-targeting therapeutic natural products their derivatives gut–brain axis. information could facilitate development novel antidepressant drugs. BDNF is crucial for neuronal genesis, growth, differentiation, survival, plasticity, synaptic transmission. Signaling via its receptor tropomyosin kinase B (TrkB) plays a vital role etiopathogenesis depression mechanism antidepressants. comprehensive provides researchers scientists identification neuropsychiatric disorders, especially stress. Future research should aim determine possible causative BDNF-TrkB depression, which will require further animal clinical as well analytical approaches.

Language: Английский

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