Elucidating the role of diet in maintaining gut health to reduce the risk of obesity, cardiovascular and other age-related inflammatory diseases: recent challenges and future recommendations

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

A healthy balanced diet is crucial in protecting the immune system against infections and diseases. Poor diets, such as Western diet, contribute to development of metabolic diseases, hypertension, obesity. Microbiota, primarily composed different microorganisms residing gastrointestinal tract (GIT), also play a significant role maintaining gut health. Polyphenols probiotics found fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds promote health support growth beneficial bacteria. Different types their categories, impact on are mentioned. The relationship between health, risk developing obesity, cardiovascular inflammatory diseases discussed this review article. rationale behind concludes future recommendations for reducing occurrence cardiometabolic other There need standardized research methods, long-term studies, translating scientific knowledge into practical dietary recommendations.

Language: Английский

---

Efficacy and Safety of S1P1 Receptor Modulator Drugs for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 5014 - 5014

Published: July 30, 2023

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that negatively impacts patients’ quality of life. In the last decades, therapeutic options available for management patients with moderate to severe UC have increased significantly, including not only biological drugs but also small molecules. However, there persistent need develop new act on targets while minimizing risk adverse events. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) membrane-derived lysophospholipid. The S1P gradient between tissues and circulatory system has key role in regulating trafficking immune cells as autoreactive B T lymphocytes. receptor modulators could be safe efficacious alternative mechanism reducing inflammation immune-mediated disorders, UC, by lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes bloodstream. Several been developed tested UC. Ozanimod already approved Food Drug Administration (FDA) European Medical Agency (EMA), etrasimod VTX002 are still under approval. Oral administration route, rapidity reliable safety profile main advantages this class drugs. aim review summarize evidence efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics ozanimod, etrasimod,

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Exercise on Gut Microbiota of Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 1070 - 1070

Published: April 5, 2024

Background: The equilibrium between gut microbiota (GM) and the host plays a pivotal role in maintaining overall health, influencing various physiological metabolic functions. Emerging research suggests that exercise modulates abundance functionality of bacteria, yet comprehensive effects on GM diversity remain to be synthesized. Objectives Design: study aims quantitatively examine effect adults using systemic review meta-analysis approach. Methods: PubMed, Ebsco, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data were searched from their inception September 2023. Exercise intervention studies with control group describe compare composition adults, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, included this meta-analysis. Results: A total 25 1044 participants. Based fixed-effects model [Chi2 = 29.40, df 20 (p 0.08); I2 32%], pooled analysis showed compared group, can significantly increase alpha adult GM, Shannon index as an example [WMD 0.05, 95% CI (0.00, 0.09); Z 1.99 0.05)]. In addition, interventions found alter notably decreasing Bacteroidetes increasing Firmicutes, indicating shift Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. subgroup indicates females older appear exhibit more significant changes Index observed OTUs. Conclusions: may promising way improve adults. particular, was increased after exercise. Distinct responses based gender age implicated needed.

Language: Английский

---

Physicochemical, microbiological and metabolomics changes in yogurt supplemented with lactosucrose

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 114000 - 114000

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Polyphenol consumption and Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in adults

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

In this cross-sectional investigation, the primary objective was to explore correlation between consumption of polyphenols and likelihood non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adult population participating Hoveyzeh cohort. Data from cohort study, part Persian Cohort Study, involving 10,009 adults aged 35-70, were analyzed. Exclusions made for missing data, extreme energy intake, cancer patients. Dietary habits assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, polyphenol intake calculated Phenol Explorer database. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted confounders, performed assess relationship subclasses (total polyphenols, total flavonoids, phenolic acid, lignin) NAFLD. Among 9894 participants, those highest quintile (OR 0.65, CI 0.5-0.84; P = 0.007), acid 0.67, 0.52-0.86; < 0.001), lignin 0.69, 0.52-0.87; 0.001) demonstrated lower odds NAFLD compared lowest quintile, even after adjusting confounding factors. However, no significant association found flavonoid 1.26, 0.96-1.67; 0.47). Subgroup analysis indicated inverse women 0.64, 0.42-0.93; 0.001). Higher associated with reduced among This suggests that dietary patterns rich these may play role mitigating risk Further interventional longitudinal studies are needed validate findings potential preventive strategies polyphenol-rich diets.

Language: Английский

---

The impact of the Mediterranean diet on immune function in older adults

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Diet is one of the lifestyle factors that most amenable to intervention, and has a substantial effect on potential for successful aging mitigation risk disease. Good nutrition pillar healthy aging, large body evidence attests benefits Mediterranean diet quality process. The comprises wide range nutrients which, both individually collectively, exert positive effects immunity, in part mediated by gut microbiota. In this article, we review how its beneficial are We certain key components dietary pattern, including vitamins, zinc, selenium, polyphenols. Overall, existing convincingly demonstrates Mediterreanean affects immune health maintaining weight reducing metabolic cardiovascular diseases; inflammation promoting microbiota profile.

Language: Английский

---

The Complex Role of Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: From Pathogenetic Factor to Therapeutic Target

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 445 - 445

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

The role of gut microbiota (GM) and intestinal dysbiosis in triggering the onset and/or modulating severity progression lupus nephritis (LN) has been object intense research over last few years. Some alterations at phyla level, such as abundance Proteobacteria reduction Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio α-diversity have consistently reported systemic erythematosus (SLE), whereas a more specific ascribed to some species (Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Ruminococcus gnavus) LN. Underlying mechanisms include microbial translocation through "leaky gut" subsequent molecular mimicry, immune dysregulation (alteration IFNγ levels balance between Treg Th17 subsets), epigenetic interactions. Levels bacterial metabolites, butyrate other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), appear play key Beyond components GM, virome mycobiome are also increasingly recognized important players modulation an response. On hand, microbiota-based therapy appears promising includes diet, prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, fecal transplantation (FMT). could correct critical alterations, F/B Treg/Th17 imbalance, blunt production autoantibodies renal damage. Despite current limits, GM is emerging powerful environmental factor that be harnessed interfere with leading SLE, preventing flares organ damage, including aim this review provide state-of-the-art analysis SLE LN on one while exploring possible therapeutic manipulation control disease hand.

Language: Английский

---

Lacticaseibacillusparacasei BNCC345679 revolutionizes DSS-induced colitis and modulates gut microbiota

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 27, 2024

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the disease progression of inflammatory bowel disease. Although probiotics are effective against IBD, not many studies have investigated their effects on composition and immunomodulation mouse colitis models. Our study aimed at therapeutic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BNCC345679 for first time explored its impact microbiome dysbiosis, cytokines, related miRNAs, VCAM-1, oxidative stress, intestinal integrity, mucus barrier. We found that oral intervention L. affects recovering beneficial microbial taxa, including lactobacillus spp. akkermansia spp., followed by improved body weight, DAI score, cytokines. mitigated stress increased expression integrity proteins MUC2 ZO-1. These results suggested has capacity to reduce DSS-induced potential as a supplement mitigation IBD.

Language: Английский

---

Non-Pharmacological Strategies for Managing Sarcopenia in Chronic Diseases

Clinical Interventions in Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 827 - 841

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract: This article focuses on a range of non-pharmacological strategies for managing sarcopenia in chronic diseases, including exercise, dietary supplements, traditional Chinese intestinal microecology, and rehabilitation therapies individuals with limited limb movement. By analyzing multiple studies, the aims to summarize available evidence manage diseases. The results strongly emphasize role resistance training addressing diseases secondary sarcopenia. Maintaining appropriate frequency intensity can help prevent muscle atrophy effectively reduce inflammation. Although aerobic exercise has ability improve skeletal mass, it does have some positive effects physical function. Building upon this, explores potential benefits combined approaches, highlighting their helpfulness overall quality life. Additionally, also highlights importance supplements combating It protein intake, rich essential amino acids omega-3, as well sufficient vitamin D atrophy. Combining appears be an effective strategy preventing sarcopenia, although optimal dosage type supplement remain unclear. Furthermore, microecology Probiotics, prebiotics, bacterial products are suggested new treatment options emerging such whole body vibration training, blood flow restriction, electrical stimulation show promise treating Overall, this provides valuable insights into emphasizes holistic integrated approach that incorporates nutrition, multidisciplinary interventions, which promote health elderly population. Future research should prioritize high-quality randomized controlled trials utilize wearable devices, smartphone applications, other advanced surveillance methods investigate most intervention associated different Keywords: disease, inflammation

Language: Английский

---

High Fat Diet and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Adolescence: An Overview of Nutritional Strategies

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 938 - 938

Published: March 24, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted and heterogeneous disorder, linked with notable reproductive, metabolic, psychological outcomes. During adolescence, key components of PCOS treatment involve weight loss achieved through lifestyle dietary interventions, subsequently pursued by pharmacological or surgical therapies. Nutritional interventions represent the first-line therapeutic approach in adolescents affected PCOS, but different kinds protocols exist, so it necessary to clarify effectiveness benefits most well-known nutritional approaches. We provided comprehensive review current literature concerning definition, pathophysiology, options, highlighting strategies, particularly those related high-fat diets. The proposed literature, such as ketogenic diet (KD), appear provide patients terms control metabolic parameters. Among types KD studies, very low-calorie diets (VLCKD), can be considered an effective intervention for short-term PCOS. It rapidly leads alongside improvements body composition profile. Even though extremely advantageous, long-term adherence limiting factor. Indeed, this regimen could become unsustainable due important restrictions required ketosis development. Thus, combination more nutrient-rich regimens, Mediterranean diet, amplify positive effects individuals

Language: Английский

---