Hormetic Nutrition and Redox Regulation in Gut–Brain Axis Disorders

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 484 - 484

Published: April 18, 2024

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress resilience overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut-brain axis has attracted prominent interest preventing therapeutically impacting neuropathologies gastrointestinal diseases. Polyphenols polyphenol-combined nanoparticles in synergy with probiotics shown to improve gut bioavailability blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, thus inhibiting oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction inflammation linked dysbiosis ultimately onset progression central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In accordance hormesis, polyphenols display biphasic dose-response by activating at a low dose Nrf2 pathway resulting upregulation

Language: Английский

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Cognitive Function of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background A growing body of evidence suggests a link between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease (AD), although underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate impact fecal transplantation (FMT) on cognitive function in mouse model AD. Methods Four‐month‐old 5 × FAD (familial disease) mice underwent antibiotic treatment deplete their native microbiota. Subsequently, they received FMT either weekly or every other day. After 8 weeks, β‐amyloid (Aβ) load were assessed through behavioral testing pathological analysis, respectively. The composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results Initial failed alleviate memory deficits reduce brain Aβ pathology mice. In contrast, administered day effectively restored dysbiosis decreased lipopolysaccharide levels colon hippocampus. Mechanistically, reduced expression amyloid β precursor protein, β‐site APP cleaving enzyme 1, presenilin‐1, potentially by inhibiting Toll‐like receptor 4/inhibitor kappa B kinase β/nuclear factor kappa‐B signaling pathway. However, benefits diminished over time. Conclusion These findings demonstrate dose‐ time‐dependent efficacy mitigating AD‐like pathology, underscoring potential targeting for AD treatment.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Peripheral Inflammation on Blood–Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2440 - 2440

Published: March 9, 2025

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is essential for maintaining brain homeostasis by regulating molecular exchange between the systemic circulation and central nervous system. However, its dysfunction, often driven peripheral inflammatory processes, has been increasingly linked to development progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s. Emerging evidence suggests that gut–brain axis plays a key role in BBB integrity, with intestinal dysbiosis chronic inflammation contributing disruption through immune metabolic pathways. Furthermore, selective vulnerability specific regions dysfunction appears be influenced regional differences vascularization, activity, permeability, making certain areas more susceptible processes. This review explored mechanisms linking inflammation, gut microbiota, emphasizing their neurodegeneration. A comprehensive literature was conducted using Web Science, PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, ScienceDirect, Medline, covering publications from 2015 2025. findings highlight complex interplay microbiota-derived metabolites, signaling, underscoring need targeted interventions microbiome modulation, anti-inflammatory therapies, advanced drug delivery systems. heterogeneity across different necessitates region-specific therapeutic strategies. Despite advancements, critical knowledge gaps persist regarding precise underlying dysfunction. Future research should leverage cutting-edge methodologies single-cell transcriptomics organ-on-chip models translate preclinical into effective clinical applications. Addressing these challenges will crucial developing personalized approaches mitigate impact diseases.

Language: Английский

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Implications of gut and oral microbiota in neuroinflammatory responses in Alzheimer's disease

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 333, P. 122132 - 122132

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

A diverse and stable microbiota promotes a healthy state, nevertheless, an imbalance in gut or oral bacterial composition, called dysbiosis, can cause gastrointestinal disorders, systemic inflammatory states oxidative stress, among others. Recently, dysbiosis has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is considered the most common form of dementia public health priority due its high prevalence incidence. The aim this review highlight implications neuroinflammation characteristic AD pathology subsequent cognitive impairment. It systematic current literature obtained by searching PubMed, Web Science Scopus databases. intestinal patients leads increased permeability barrier activates immune cells central nervous system translocation microbiota-derived metabolites and/or bacteria into circulation leading neuronal loss, thus generating impairment AD. presence Porphyromonas gingivalis beta-amyloid peptide accumulation.

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review of Psychobiotics: Probiotics That Influence the Gut–Brain Axis

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(4), P. 601 - 601

Published: April 5, 2024

Mental health disorders and dementia have become a serious public concern, with heightened frequency of diagnoses observed in the wake global COVID-19 pandemic. Psychobiotics, novel area research at intersection microbiology neuroscience, explore potential probiotics to influence nervous system mental outcomes. This review explores intricate mechanisms by which psychobiotics interact gut–brain axis, shedding light on their effects mood, cognition, stress response. Through comprehensive analysis current literature recent advancements, we discuss therapeutic various disorders, including depression, anxiety, neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. The findings from this highlight promising as innovative interventions treatment. Further investigation into action clinical applications is warranted fully realize benefits.

Language: Английский

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Peripheral Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: Their Impact on Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Glia Activation in Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4209 - 4209

Published: April 29, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and synaptic dysfunction. The accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques hyperphosphorylated tau protein leads to neuronal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, glial cell activation. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral insulin resistance chronic inflammation, often associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) obesity, promote increased proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, immune infiltration. These conditions further damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity neurotoxicity This induces neuroinflammation impaired signaling, reducing glucose metabolism exacerbating Aβ hyperphosphorylation. Indeed, epidemiological studies have linked T2D obesity an risk developing AD, reinforcing connection between metabolic disorders neurodegeneration. review explores relationships resistance, BBB highlighting their role in activation exacerbation AD pathology.

Language: Английский

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Study on the Influence and Mechanism of Resveratrol on Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease Rats Through Regulating Gut Microbiota and the TLR4/NFκB Pathway

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 6049 - 6060

Published: May 1, 2025

To investigate the mechanism by which resveratrol (Res) ameliorates cognitive impairment (CI) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats through modulation of gut microbiota and suppression inflammation. A CKD model was established via two intravenous injections doxorubicin (4 mg/kg, 2 weeks apart). After 8 weeks, renal function histopathological assessments were performed to confirm establishment model.Rats divided into control, CKD, CKD+Res groups. The group received intragastric Res for 6 weeks. Cognitive assessed using Morris water maze. Serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels measured ELISA. Histopathology evaluated kidney, colon, hippocampal damage. Gut composition analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing, Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/ Nuclear Factor-κB (NFκB) pathway proteins quantified Western blot. groups exhibited elevated 24-hour urinary albumin, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine (P < 0.01), with glomerular atrophy. During maze navigation (days 3-4), showed prolonged escape latency increased swimming distance versus controls 0.05), intervention alleviated 0.05). In spatial probe test, had fewer platform crossings shorter target quadrant occupancy 0.01; P both improved Hippocampal neuronal damage IL-6, TNF-α, LPS 0.01) observed rats, while reduced IL-6 blot revealed upregulated TLR4/NFκB activation suppressed analysis Gram-negative bacteria higher Gram-positive abundance group. biosynthesis enhanced 0.05) but attenuated Res.

Language: Английский

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Probiotics as Potential Treatments for Neurodegenerative Diseases: a Review of the Evidence from in vivo to Clinical Trial

Biomolecules & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), characterized by the progressive deterioration of structure and function nervous system, represent a significant global health challenge.Emerging research suggests that gut microbiota plays critical role in regulating neurodegeneration via modulation gut-brain axis.Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms confer benefits to host, have garnered attention owing their therapeutic potential NDDs.This review examines current trends related microbiome-gut-brain axis across various NDDs, highlighting key findings implications.Additionally, effects specific probiotic strains, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium breve, rhamnosus, on neurodegenerative processes were assessed, focusing benefits.Overall, this emphasizes probiotics promising agents for underscoring importance further investigation into emerging field.

Language: Английский

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The Probiotic Properties and Safety of Limosilactobacillus mucosae NK41 and Bifidobacterium longum NK46

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 776 - 776

Published: April 11, 2024

Probiotics should possess specific properties to exert beneficial effects, and their safety must be ensured for human consumption. The purpose of this study was evaluate the probiotic Limosilactobacillus mucosae NK41 Bifidobacterium longum NK46 isolated from feces in vitro. Both strains exhibited high resistance simulated gastrointestinal fluid. Furthermore, probiotic-related cell surface characteristics including auto-aggregation hydrophobicity were assessed by measuring absorbance at a wavelength 600 nm, which demonstrated good ability affinity xylene, indicating effective adhesion Caco-2 cells. In addition, hemolytic, gelatinase, β-glucuronidase activities found negative both strains. susceptibility nine commonly used antibiotics using broth macrodilution method, that susceptible all tested antibiotics. L. B. produced significantly higher levels L-lactate (71.8 ± 0.7% 97.8 0.4%) than D-lactate (28.2 2.2 0.4%, respectively). Using PCR amplification investigate genes associated with virulence factors, we neither strain harbored any genes. These findings suggest have potential as probiotics are considered safe

Language: Английский

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Effect of probiotics on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Medicina Clínica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 162(12), P. 565 - 573

Published: April 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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