ERA5-Land: a state-of-the-art global reanalysis dataset for land applications

Earth system science data, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 4349 - 4383

Published: Sept. 7, 2021

Abstract. Framed within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) of European Commission, Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is producing an enhanced global dataset land component fifth generation ReAnalysis (ERA5), hereafter referred to as ERA5-Land. Once completed, period covered will span from 1950 present, with continuous updates support monitoring applications. ERA5-Land describes evolution water and energy cycles over in a consistent manner production period, which, among others, could be used analyse trends anomalies. This achieved through high-resolution numerical integrations ECMWF surface model driven by downscaled meteorological forcing ERA5 climate reanalysis, including elevation correction thermodynamic near-surface state. shares most parameterizations that guarantees use state-of-the-art modelling applied weather prediction (NWP) models. A main advantage compared older ERA-Interim horizontal resolution, which globally 9 km 31 (ERA5) or 80 (ERA-Interim), whereas temporal resolution hourly ERA5. Evaluation against independent situ observations satellite-based reference datasets shows added value description hydrological cycle, particular soil moisture lake description, overall better agreement river discharge estimations available observations. However, snow depth fields present mixed performance when those ERA5, depending on geographical location altitude. The cycle comparable results Nevertheless, reduces averaged root mean square error skin temperature, taking MODIS data, mainly due contribution coastal points where spatial important. Since January 2020, has extended 1981 near 2- 3-month delay respect real time. segment prior production, aiming release whole summer/autumn 2021. high ERA5-Land, its consistency produced makes it valuable studies, initialize NWP models, diverse applications dealing resource, land, environmental management. full (Muñoz-Sabater, 2019a) monthly 2019b) presented this paper are C3S Data Store at https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.e2161bac https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.68d2bb30, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis precipitation dataset over Chinese Mainland

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 595, P. 125660 - 125660

Published: Oct. 26, 2020

Language: Английский

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Observed increases in extreme fire weather driven by atmospheric humidity and temperature

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 63 - 70

Published: Nov. 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Climate change decisive for Asia’s snow meltwater supply

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 591 - 597

Published: June 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Did ERA5 Improve Temperature and Precipitation Reanalysis over East Africa?

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 996 - 996

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Reanalysis products are often taken as an alternative solution to observational weather and climate data due availability accessibility problems, particularly in data-sparse regions such Africa. Proper evaluation of their strengths weaknesses, however, should not be overlooked. The aim this study was evaluate the performance ERA5 reanalysis document progress made compared ERA-interim for fields near-surface temperature precipitation over Results show that climatological biases clearly reduced representation inter-annual variability is improved most However, both performed less well terms capturing observed long-term trends, despite a slightly better ERA-interim. Further regional analysis East Africa shows annual cycle substantially by reducing wet bias during rainy season. spatial distribution extreme years also represented ERA5. While has much comparison its predecessor, there still demand with even higher resolution accuracy satisfy impact-based studies, agriculture water resources.

Language: Английский

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An evaluation of ERA5 precipitation for climate monitoring

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 148(748), P. 3152 - 3165

Published: July 26, 2022

Abstract A key aim of climate monitoring is to place the current conditions variables, such as surface air temperature and precipitation, in their historical context. In Europe, a leading provider this information Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), which implemented by European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf Commission. To undertake activity close‐to‐real time, C3S predominantly uses ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis, precipitation widely used proxy observed hydrological monitoring. However, there be confidence data, it essential evaluate its ability capture precipitation. study, we therefore against observations globally inform activities broader science community. Using 24 hr at 5,637 stations from 2001 2020, results show that smallest random errors occur winter Extratropics largest are Tropics. The grow summer Tropics move with intertropical convergence zone. These findings mirrored stable equitable error probability space (SEEPS) score, SEEPS signifying more able discriminate between different events Extratropics. general, an wet bias also found. assessment annual maximum 1 day (RX1) accumulations four extreme shows cannot model highest totals but can generally locations patterns. Furthermore, evaluation monthly corroborated skilful imply users have extratropical regions, recommended mostly

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of spatial-temporal variation performance of ERA5 precipitation data in China

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Abstract ERA5 is the latest fifth-generation reanalysis global atmosphere dataset from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, replacing ERA-Interim as next generation of representative satellite-observational data on scale. have been evaluated and applied in different regions, but performances are inconsistent. Meanwhile, there few precise evaluations precipitation over long time series performed Chinese mainland. This study evaluates temporal-spatial performance 1979 to 2018 based gridded-ground meteorological station observational across China. The results showed that could capture annual seasonal patterns observed China well, with correlation coefficient values ranging 0.796 0.945, slightly overestimated summer. Nonetheless, also accuracy products was strongly correlated topographic distribution climatic divisions. shows spatial inherently highest locate eastern, Northwestern North lowest biases Southeast provides a reliable assessment trend analyses provide references further use satellite hydrological calculations climate numerical simulations.

Language: Английский

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Guidelines for Studying Diverse Types of Compound Weather and Climate Events

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(11)

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Abstract Compound weather and climate events are combinations of drivers and/or hazards that contribute to societal or environmental risk. Studying compound often requires a multidisciplinary approach combining domain knowledge the underlying processes with, for example, statistical methods model outputs. Recently, aid development research on events, four event types were introduced, namely (a) preconditioned , (b) multivariate (c) temporally compounding (d) spatially events. However, guidelines how study these still lacking. Here, we consider case studies, each associated with specific type question, illustrate key elements (e.g., analytical tools relevant physical effects) can be identified. These studies show impacts crops from hot dry summers exacerbated by preconditioning effects bright springs. Assessing coastal flooding in Perth (Australia) considering dynamics non‐stationary process. For instance, future mean sea‐level rise will lead emergence concurrent fluvial extremes, enhancing In Portugal, deep‐landslides caused temporal clusters moderate precipitation Finally, crop yield failures France Germany strongly correlated, threatening European food security through effects. analyses allow identifying general recommendations studying Overall, our insights serve as blueprint analysis across disciplines sectors.

Language: Английский

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Spatial performance of multiple reanalysis precipitation datasets on the southern slope of central Himalaya

Atmospheric Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 105365 - 105365

Published: Nov. 12, 2020

The performance of gridded precipitation products is especially important over mountainous regions because the lack observations. This study provides a detailed evaluation spatial patterns presented by ERA-Interim, ERA5, ERA5-Land, and refined HAR datasets with resolutions from coarse to fine (0.7°, 0.25°, 0.1°, respectively) southern slope central Himalaya, Nepal. major findings are as follows: (1) high-resolution ERA5-Land ERA5 well present observed pattern but generally overestimated amount; dataset also presents many fine-scale details, while resolution ERA-Interim tends exhibit too gentle characteristic in (2) four reproduce seasonal variation (R > 0.90) country; however, their varies spatially across western, central, eastern regions. representing terrain blocking water vapor Bay Bengal, which transported east west (3) can elevation dependency revealed dataset, coarse-resolution cannot capture high-elevation Moreover, all show very similar low–elevation plane areas, higher simulations (ERA5, ERA5–Land, HAR) better reflect effect orographic outperform high–elevation areas where complex steep.

Language: Английский

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Calibration‐Free Complementary Relationship Estimates Terrestrial Evapotranspiration Globally

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(9)

Published: Aug. 2, 2021

Abstract While large‐scale terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) information is essential for our understanding of the Earth's water and energy cycles, substantial differences exist in current global ET products due partly to uncertainties soil‐ vegetation‐related parameters and/or precipitation forcing. Here a calibration‐free complementary relationship (CR) model, driven purely by routine meteorological forcing (air dew‐point temperature, wind speed, net radiation), mainly from ERA5, was employed estimate rates during 1982–2016. Modeled agrees favorably with (a) monthly eddy‐covariance measurements 129 FLUXNET sites, and; (b) water‐balance‐derived 52 basins at multiyear mean annual scales. Additional evaluations demonstrate that CR very competitive, comparison other 12 widely used products. The 35‐years land rate 500 ± 6 mm yr −1 (72.3 0.9 × 10 3 km ) more than 70% area exhibiting increasing over study period. Globally, significantly increased 0.31 1982–2016, suggesting 2.2% increase last 35 years. Model inter‐comparisons indicate values their trend are close median not only chosen but also 20 CMIP6 models. Since this model requires no (except sea‐shore deserts subsequent correction), vegetation or soil data, it could be incorporated into complex hydrological climate models, thereby facilitating simulations.

Language: Английский

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