Remote Control of Energy Transformation‐Based Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(27)

Published: March 29, 2024

Cancer treatment requires precise tumor-specific targeting at specific sites that allows for high-resolution diagnostic imaging and long-term patient-tailorable cancer therapy; while, minimizing side effects largely arising from non-targetability. This can be realized by harnessing exogenous remote stimuli, such as tissue-penetrative ultrasound, magnetic field, light, radiation, enable local activation therapy in deep tumors. A myriad of nanomedicines efficiently activated when the energy stimuli transformed into another type energy. review discusses control transformation targetable, efficient, therapy. Such ultrasonic, magnetic, photonic, radiative, radioactive mechanical, thermal, chemical, radiative to a variety modalities. The current article describes multimodal where serial cascade or multiple types occur. includes not only hyperthermia, radiation but also emerging thermoelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric therapies treatment. It illustrates resonance, fluorescence, computed tomography, photoluminescence, photoacoustic imaging-guided therapies. highlights afterglow eliminate autofluorescence sustained signal emission after excitation.

Language: Английский

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Metal organic framework-loaded biohybrid magnetic microrobots for enhanced antibacterial treatment

Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 685, P. 133295 - 133295

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Strategies to Promote the Journey of Nanoparticles Against Biofilm‐Associated Infections

Small, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(10)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract Biofilm‐associated infections are one of the most challenging healthcare threats for humans, accounting 80% bacterial infections, leading to persistent and chronic infections. The conventional antibiotics still face their dilemma poor therapeutic effects due high tolerance resistance led by biofilm barriers. Nanotechnology‐based antimicrobials, nanoparticles (NPs), paid attention extensively considered as promising alternative. This review focuses on whole journey NPs against biofilm‐associated clarify it clearly, is divided into four processes in sequence 1) Targeting biofilms, 2) Penetrating barrier, 3) Attaching cells, 4) Translocating through cell envelope. Through outlining compositions properties biofilms bacteria recent advances present strategies each process comprehensively discussed combat well combined these with drug resistance, aiming guide rational design facilitate wide application

Language: Английский

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Magnetic Microrobot Swarms with Polymeric Hands Catching Bacteria and Microplastics in Water

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(20), P. 13171 - 13183

Published: May 8, 2024

The forefront of micro- and nanorobot research involves the development smart swimming micromachines emulating complexity natural systems, such as swarming collective behaviors typically observed in animals microorganisms, for efficient task execution. This study introduces magnetically controlled microrobots that possess polymeric sequestrant "hands" decorating a magnetic core. Under influence external fields, functionalized beads dynamically self-assemble from individual microparticles into well-defined rotating planes diverse dimensions, allowing modulation their propulsion speed, exhibiting motion. These mobile microrobotic swarms can actively capture free-swimming bacteria dispersed microplastics "on-the-fly", thereby cleaning aquatic environments. Unlike conventional methods, these be collected complex media release captured contaminants second vessel controllable manner, is, using ultrasound, offering sustainable solution repeated use decontamination processes. Additionally, residual water is subjected to UV irradiation eliminate any remaining bacteria, providing comprehensive solution. In summary, this shows microrobot design

Language: Английский

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Advanced materials for micro/nanorobotics

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(18), P. 9190 - 9253

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Autonomous micro/nanorobots capable of performing programmed missions are at the forefront next-generation micromachinery. These small robotic systems predominantly constructed using functional components sourced from micro- and nanoscale materials; therefore, combining them with various advanced materials represents a pivotal direction toward achieving higher level intelligence multifunctionality. This review provides comprehensive overview for innovative micro/nanorobotics, focusing on five families that have witnessed most rapid advancements over last decade: two-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks, semiconductors, polymers, biological cells. Their unique physicochemical, mechanical, optical, properties been integrated into to achieve greater maneuverability, programmability, intelligence, multifunctionality in collective behaviors. The design fabrication methods hybrid discussed based material categories. In addition, their promising potential powering motion and/or (multi-)functionality is described fundamental principles underlying explained. Finally, extensive use variety applications, including environmental remediation, (bio)sensing, therapeutics,

Language: Английский

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A Bioinspired Virus‐Like Mechano–Bactericidal Nanomotor for Ocular Multidrug‐Resistant Bacterial Infection Treatment

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria and their associated biofilms are major causative factors in eye infections, often resulting blindness presenting considerable global health challenges. Presently, mechano–bactericidal systems, which combine distinct topological geometries with mechanical forces to physically induce bacterial apoptosis, show promising potential. However, the physical interaction process between current systems is generally based on passive diffusion or Brownian motion lacks force required for biofilm penetration; thus, featuring low antibacterial efficacy. Here, a biomimetic nanomotor (VMSNT) synthesized by functionalizing COOH‐PEG‐phenylboronic acid (PBA) virus‐like mesoporous silica, subsequent partial coating of Au caps. Enhanced self‐thermophoresis capabilities shapes, VMSNT significantly improves effects penetration. In addition, scanning electron microscope (SEM) confocal laser (CLSM) analyses demonstrate that can precisely target within infection microenvironment, facilitated PBA's ability recognize bind peptidoglycan surfaces. Remarkably, also effective eliminating MDR reducing inflammation mice models methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ‐infected keratitis endophthalmitis, minimal adverse effects. Overall, such presents approach addressing challenges ocular infections.

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional 3D‐Printed Pollen Grain‐Inspired Hydrogel Microrobots for On‐Demand Anchoring and Cargo Delivery

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(10)

Published: Dec. 31, 2022

While a majority of wireless microrobots have shown multi-responsiveness to implement complex biomedical functions, their functional executions are strongly dependent on the range stimulus inputs, which curtails diversity. Furthermore, responsive functions coupled each other, results in overlap task operations. Here, 3D-printed multifunctional microrobot inspired by pollen grains with three hydrogel components is demonstrated: iron platinum (FePt) nanoparticle-embedded pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), poly N-isopropylacrylamide (pNIPAM), and acrylic acid (pNIPAM-AAc) structures. Each these structures exhibits respective targeted functions: responding magnetic fields for torque-driven surface rolling steering, exhibiting temperature responsiveness on-demand attachment (anchoring), pH-responsive cargo release. The versatile grain-inspired robots conceptualized here pave way various future medical improve projected performance

Language: Английский

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Collective Behaviors of Active Matter Learning from Natural Taxes Across Scales

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(8)

Published: Aug. 20, 2022

Taxis orientation is common in microorganisms, and it provides feasible strategies to operate active colloids as small-scale robots. Collective taxes involve numerous units that collectively perform taxis motion, whereby the collective cooperation between individuals enables group efficiently, adaptively, robustly. Hence, analyzing designing collectives crucial for developing advancing microswarm toward practical or clinical applications. In this review, natural behaviors are categorized synthetic microrobotic discussed bio-inspired realizations, aiming at closing gap of living creatures those functional microswarms. As emerge within a group, global external stimuli guides conduct overall tasks, whereas local induces synchronization patterns. By encoding orientations programming stimuli, various paradigms can be introduced coordinating controlling such microrobots, from viewpoints fundamental science Therefore, by discussing key points difficulties associated with different paradigms, review potentially offers insights into mimicking constructing intelligent systems on-demand control preassigned tasks.

Language: Английский

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Micro/Nanorobotic Swarms: From Fundamentals to Functionalities

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(14), P. 12971 - 12999

Published: July 11, 2023

Swarms, which stem from collective behaviors among individual elements, are commonly seen in nature. Since two decades ago, scientists have been attempting to understand the principles of natural swarms and leverage them for creating artificial swarms. To date, underlying physics; techniques actuation, navigation, control; field-generation systems; a research community now place. This Review reviews fundamental applications micro/nanorobotic The generation mechanisms emergent micro/nanoagents identified over past elucidated. advantages drawbacks different techniques, existing control systems, major challenges, potential prospects discussed.

Language: Английский

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Multimodal‐Driven Magnetic Microrobots with Enhanced Bactericidal Activity for Biofilm Eradication and Removal from Titanium Mesh

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(23)

Published: March 30, 2023

Modern micro/nanorobots can perform multiple tasks for biomedical and environmental applications. Particularly, magnetic microrobots be completely controlled by a rotating field their motion powered without the use of toxic fuels, which makes them most promising application. Moreover, they are able to form swarms, allowing specific at larger scale than single microrobot. In this work, developed composed halloysite nanotubes as backbone iron oxide (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles material propulsion covered these with polyethylenimine load ampicillin prevent from disassembling. These exhibit multimodal robots well in swarms. addition, transform tumbling spinning vice-versa, when swarm mode change vortex ribbon back again. Finally, is used penetrate disrupt extracellular matrix Staphylococcus aureus biofilm colonized on titanium mesh bone restoration, improves effect antibiotic's activity. Such removal medical implants could reduce implant rejection improve patients' well-being.

Language: Английский

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