Association of COVID-19 with short- and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: a prospective cohort in UK Biobank

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119(8), P. 1718 - 1727

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

This study aims to evaluate the short- and long-term associations between COVID-19 development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes mortality in general population.A prospective cohort patients with infection 16 March 2020 30 November was identified from UK Biobank, followed for up 18 months, until 31 August 2021. Based on age (within 5 years) sex, each case randomly matched 10 participants without two cohorts-a contemporary a historical 2018 2018. The characteristics groups were further adjusted propensity score-based marginal mean weighting through stratification. To determine association CVD within 21 days diagnosis (acute phase) after this period (post-acute phase), Cox regression employed. In acute phase, (n = 7584) associated significantly higher short-term risk {hazard ratio (HR): 4.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6- 6.9]; HR: 5.0 (95% CI: 3.0-8.1)} all-cause [HR: 81.1 58.5-112.4); 67.5 49.9-91.1)] than 75 790) controls 774), respectively. Regarding post-acute 7139) persisted 1.4 1.2-1.8); 1.3 1.1- 1.6)] 4.3-5.8); 4.5 3.9-5.2) compared 71 296) 314), respectively.COVID-19 infection, including long-COVID, is increased risks mortality. Ongoing monitoring signs symptoms developing these complications post till at least year recovery may benefit infected patients, especially those severe disease.

Language: Английский

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Role of SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm in multi-organ failure: Molecular pathways and potential therapeutic options

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 113, P. 109428 - 109428

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: The Molecular Basis of Some Adverse Events

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 747 - 747

Published: March 28, 2023

Each injection of any known vaccine results in a strong expression pro-inflammatory cytokines. This is the result innate immune system activation, without which no adaptive response to vaccines possible. Unfortunately, degree inflammation produced by COVID-19 mRNA variable, probably depending on genetic background and previous experiences, through epigenetic modifications could have made each individual tolerant or reactive subsequent stimulations.We hypothesize that we can move from limited condition conditions increasing cytokines culminate multisystem hyperinflammatory syndromes following (MIS-V). We graphically represented this idea hypothetical inflammatory pyramid (IP) correlated time factor after vaccines. Furthermore, placed clinical manifestations within IP, correlating them produced. Surprisingly, excluding possible presence an early MIS-V, complexity are inflammation: symptoms, heart disease

Language: Английский

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Beyond Acute COVID-19: A Review of Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(6), P. 726 - 740

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Statistics Canada estimated that approximately 1.4 million Canadians suffer from long COVID. Although cardiovascular changes during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection are well documented, long-term sequelae less understood. In this review, we sought to characterize adult outcomes in the months after COVID-19 illness. our search identified reports of including cardiac dysautonomia, myocarditis, ischemic injuries, and ventricular dysfunction. Even patients without overt outcomes, subclinical have been observed. Cardiovascular can stem exacerbation preexisting conditions, ongoing inflammation, or as a result damage occurred infection. For example, myocardial fibrosis has reported hospital admission for illness, might be consequence myocarditis injury disease. turn, contribute further dysrhythmias heart failure. Severity risk factor consequences, however, also young, healthy individuals who had asymptomatic mild evolving evidence suggests previous disease, there is heterogeneity existing evidence, some studies marred by measured unmeasured confounders. Many investigations limited relatively short follow-up. Future should focus on longer term (beyond 1 year) identifying prevalence different populations basis COVID disease severity.

Language: Английский

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Risks of digestive diseases in long COVID: evidence from a population-based cohort study

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Background In the post-pandemic era, a wide range of COVID-19 sequelae is growing health concern. However, risks digestive diseases in long COVID have not been comprehensively understood. To investigate long-term risk among patients. Methods this large-scale retrospective cohort study with up to 2.6 years follow-up (median follow-up: 0.7 years), group ( n = 112,311), contemporary comparison 359,671) and historical 370,979) predated outbreak were built using UK Biobank database. Each outcome was defined as diagnosis 30 days or more after onset infection index date. Hazard ratios (HRs) corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) computed utilizing Cox regression models inverse probability weighting. Results Compared group, patients previous had higher diseases, including gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction (HR 1.38 (95% CI 1.26 1.51)); peptic ulcer disease 1.23 (1.00 1.52)); gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) 1.41 (1.30 1.53)); gallbladder 1.21 (1.06 1.38)); severe liver 1.35 (1.03 1.76)); non-alcoholic 1.27 (1.09 1.47)); pancreatic 1.36 (1.11 1.66)). The GERD increased stepwise severity acute phase infection. Even 1-year follow-up, 1.64 2.07)) GI (1.04 1.75)) continued pose those one SARS-CoV-2 infection, reinfected at 2.57 (1.23 5.38)). results consistent when used group. Conclusions Our provides insights into association between system disorders. are developing diseases. exhibited escalation COVID-19, noted cases reinfection, persisted even follow-up. This highlights need understand varying outcomes over time, particularly who experienced develop appropriate strategies.

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: Long-Term Impact of SARS-CoV2

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 711 - 711

Published: March 28, 2024

Four years post-pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 continues to affect many lives across the globe. An estimated 65 million people suffer from long COVID, a term used encapsulate post-acute sequelae of infections that multiple organ systems. Known symptoms include chronic fatigue syndrome, brain fog, cardiovascular issues, autoimmunity, dysautonomia, and clotting due inflammation. Herein, we review COVID symptoms, proposed theories behind pathology, diagnostics, treatments, clinical trials underway explore treatments for viral persistence, autonomic cognitive dysfunctions, sleep disturbances, fatigue, exercise intolerance.

Language: Английский

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Long-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 with and without neurological involvement: 3-year follow-up assessment

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. e1004263 - e1004263

Published: April 4, 2024

Background Acute neurological manifestation is a common complication of acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. This retrospective cohort study investigated the 3-year outcomes patients with and without significant manifestations during initial COVID-19 hospitalization. Methods findings Patients hospitalized for Severe Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection between 03/01/2020 4/16/2020 in Montefiore Health System Bronx, an epicenter early pandemic, were included. Follow-up data was captured up to 01/23/2023 (3 years post-COVID-19). consisted 414 1,199 propensity-matched (for age severity score) manifestations. Neurological involvement phase included stroke, new or recrudescent seizures, anatomic brain lesions, presence altered mentation evidence impaired cognition arousal, neuro-COVID-19 complex (headache, anosmia, ageusia, chemesthesis, vertigo, presyncope, paresthesias, cranial nerve abnormalities, ataxia, dysautonomia, skeletal muscle injury normal orientation arousal signs). There no group differences female sex composition (44.93% versus 48.21%, p = 0.249), ICU IMV status, white, not Hispanic (6.52% 7.84%, 0.380), (33.57% 38.20%, 0.093), except black non-Hispanic (42.51% 36.03%, 0.019). Primary mortality, heart attack, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), reinfection, hospital readmission post-discharge. Secondary neuroimaging (hemorrhage, active prior mass effect, microhemorrhages, white matter changes, microvascular disease (MVD), volume loss). More discharged rehabilitation (10.39% 3.34%, < 0.001) skilled nursing facilities (35.75% 25.35%, fewer home (50.24% 66.64%, than matched controls. Incidence any reason (65.70% 60.72%, 0.036), stroke (6.28% 2.34%, 0.001), MACE (20.53% 16.51%, 0.032) higher Per Kaplan–Meier univariate survival curve analysis, such more likely die post-discharge compared controls (hazard ratio: 2.346, (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.586, 3.470]; 0.001)). Across both cohorts, causes death (13.79% neurological, 15.38% control), sepsis (8.63%, 17.58%), influenza pneumonia (13.79%, 9.89%), (10.34%, 7.69%), respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 6.59%). Factors associated mortality after leaving involved (odds ratio (OR): 1.802 CI [1.237, 2.608]; 0.002)), discharge disposition (OR: 1.508 [1.276, 1.775]; 0.001)), congestive failure 2.281 [1.429, 3.593]; score 1.177 [1.062, 1.304]; older 1.027 [1.010, 1.044]; 0.002)). radiological findings, that showed significantly age-adjusted loss ( 0.045) The study’s patient limited infected first wave when hospitals overburdened, vaccines yet available, treatments limited. Patient profiles might differ interrogating subsequent waves. Conclusions had worse long-term These raise awareness need closer monitoring timely interventions manifestations, as their course involving enhanced morbidity mortality.

Language: Английский

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Human papillomavirus infection and cardiovascular mortality: a cohort study

European Heart Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Abstract Background and Aims High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection—a well-established risk factor for cervical cancer—has associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, its relationship CVD mortality remains uncertain. This study examined the between HR-HPV infection mortality. Methods As part of a health examination, 163 250 CVD-free Korean women (mean age: 40.2 years) underwent screening were tracked up to 17 years (median: 8.6 years). National death records identified cases. Hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Results During 1 380 953 person-years follow-up, 134 deaths occurred, rate 9.1 per 105 HR-HPV(−) 14.9 HR-HPV(+) women. After adjustment traditional factors confounders, HRs (95% CI) atherosclerotic (ASCVD), ischaemic heart (IHD), stroke in compared those without 3.91 (1.85–8.26), 3.74 (1.53–9.14), 5.86 (0.86–40.11), respectively. The association ASCVD was stronger obesity than (P interaction = .006), corresponding 4.81 (1.55–14.93) obese 2.86 (1.04–7.88) non-obese Conclusions In this cohort young middle-aged women, at low risks mortality, had higher rates from CVD, specifically IHD, more pronounced trend individuals.

Language: Английский

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Neutrophil extracellular traps and long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, commonly known as long COVID, encompasses a range of systemic symptoms experienced by significant number survivors. The underlying pathophysiology COVID has become topic intense research discussion. While chronic inflammation in received considerable attention, the role neutrophils, which are most abundant all immune cells and primary responders to inflammation, been unfortunately overlooked, perhaps due their short lifespan. In this review, we discuss emerging neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) persistent inflammatory response observed patients. We present early evidence linking persistence NETs pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular abnormalities, neurological dysfunction COVID. Several uncertainties require investigation future studies. These include mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 brings about sustained activation phenotypes after infection resolution; whether heterogeneity neutrophils seen acute persists into phase; presence autoantibodies can induce protect them from degradation; exert differential, organ-specific effects; specifically NET components contribute pathologies, such fibrosis; senescent drive formation through pro-inflammatory secretome Answering these questions may pave way for development clinically applicable strategies targeting NETs, providing relief health crisis.

Language: Английский

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Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 1206 - 1206

Published: April 18, 2023

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative process that mainly occurs in large- medium-sized arteries morphologically characterized by asymmetric focal thickenings of the innermost layer artery, intima. This basis cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), most common cause death worldwide. Some studies suggest bidirectional link between atherosclerosis consequent CVD with COVID-19. The aims this narrative review are (1) to provide an overview recent point out relation COVID-19 (2) summarize impact drugs on outcomes. A growing body evidence shows prognosis individuals worse compared those without. Moreover, various have reported emergence newly diagnosed patients after treatments for may influence Thus, their implication infection briefly discussed review. better understanding among atherosclerosis, CVD, could proactively identify risk factors and, as result, develop strategies improve these patients.

Language: Английский

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