Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 16
Published: July 29, 2021
Terpenoids
are
a
large
family
of
natural
products
with
diversified
structures
and
functions
that
widely
used
in
the
food,
pharmaceutical,
cosmetic,
agricultural
fields.
However,
traditional
methods
terpenoids
production
such
as
plant
extraction
chemical
synthesis
inefficient
due
to
complex
processes,
high
energy
consumption,
low
yields.
With
progress
metabolic
engineering
synthetic
biology,
microbial
cell
factories
provide
an
interesting
alternative
for
sustainable
terpenoids.
The
non-conventional
yeast,
Yarrowia
lipolytica,
is
promising
host
terpenoid
biosynthesis
its
inherent
mevalonate
pathway,
fluxes
acetyl-CoA
NADPH,
naturally
hydrophobic
microenvironment.
In
this
review,
we
highlight
Y.
lipolytica
biomanufacturing
factories,
describing
different
biosynthetic
pathways
summarizing
various
strategies,
including
genetic
manipulation,
dynamic
regulation,
organelle
engineering,
terpene
synthase
variants.
Abstract
Chinese
herbal
medicines
(CHM)
have
been
used
to
cure
diseases
for
thousands
of
years.
However,
the
bioactive
ingredients
CHM
are
complex,
and
some
natural
products
cannot
be
directly
absorbed
by
humans
animals.
Moreover,
contents
most
in
low,
toxic
Fermentation
could
enhance
bioactivities
decrease
potential
toxicities.
The
compositions
functions
microorganisms
play
essential
roles
fermentation,
which
can
affect
fermentation
metabolites
pharmaceutical
activities
final
products.
During
probiotics
not
only
increase
products,
but
also
beneficial
host
gut
microbiota
immune
system.
This
review
summarizes
advantages
using
probiotics,
techniques,
probiotic
strains,
future
development
fermentation.
Cutting‐edge
microbiome
synthetic
biology
tools
would
harness
microbial
cell
factories
produce
large
amounts
derived
from
with
low‐cost,
help
speed
up
modern
biomanufacturing.
Journal of Fungi,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(7), P. 548 - 548
Published: July 10, 2021
Among
non-conventional
yeasts
of
industrial
interest,
the
dimorphic
oleaginous
yeast
Yarrowia
lipolytica
appears
as
one
most
attractive
for
a
large
range
white
biotechnology
applications,
from
heterologous
proteins
secretion
to
cell
factories
process
development.
The
past,
present
and
potential
applications
wild-type,
traditionally
improved
or
genetically
modified
strains
will
be
resumed,
together
with
wide
array
molecular
tools
now
available
engineer
metabolically
remodel
this
yeast.
review
also
provide
detailed
description
highlight
natural
biodiversity
yeast,
subject
little
touched
upon
in
previous
reviews.
This
work
intends
fill
gap
by
retracing
genealogy
main
illustrating
search
new
genetic
backgrounds
providing
data
about
publicly
collections
worldwide.
At
last,
it
focus
on
exemplifying
how
advances
engineering
can
leverage
better
biotechnological
exploitation
other
clade.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
171, P. 113043 - 113043
Published: Nov. 11, 2022
The
recent
unprecedented
increase
in
energy
demand
has
led
to
a
growing
interest
emerging
alternatives
such
as
the
production
of
microbial
lipids
with
high
density
and
environmentally-friendly
characteristics.
Oleaginous
yeasts
represent
versatile
attractive
tool
for
accumulation
lipids,
also
known
single
cell
oils
(SCOs),
used
manufacture
biofuels
(e.g.,
biodiesel,
aviation
fuel)
bioproducts.
This
review
provides
an
overview
most
common
oleaginous
species,
analysing
viability
typical
feedstocks
their
effect
on
lipid
accumulation.
best
results
terms
content
using
glucose,
glycerol,
lignocellulose,
or
acetic
acid
substrates
are
81.4,
70,
68.2
73.4%
(w/w),
respectively.
Besides,
analysis
parameters
that
can
affect
is
presented.
For
instance,
optimum
conditions
usually
C/N
ratio
between
100
200,
pH
5
6
(being
more
alkaline
if
acids
substrates)
temperature
around
30
°C.
genetic
modifications
generally
allow
yield,
even
by
up
400%.
Finally,
some
cost
provided
scaling-up,
feedstock
costs
estimated
at
50–80%,
followed
fermenter
costs,
downstream
13%.
Progress in Lipid Research,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
88, P. 101181 - 101181
Published: July 9, 2022
Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol
acyltransferase
(DGAT,
EC
2.3.1.20)
catalyzes
the
last
reaction
in
acyl-CoA-dependent
biosynthesis
of
triacylglycerol
(TAG).
DGAT
activity
resides
mainly
DGAT1
and
DGAT2
eukaryotes
bifunctional
wax
ester
synthase-diacylglycerol
(WSD)
bacteria,
which
are
all
membrane-bound
proteins
but
exhibit
no
sequence
homology
to
each
other.
Recent
studies
also
identified
other
enzymes
such
as
soluble
DGAT3
diacylglycerol
acetyltransferase
(EaDAcT),
well
with
activities
including
defective
cuticular
ridges
(DCR)
steryl
phytyl
synthases
(PESs).
This
review
comprehensively
discusses
research
advances
on
DGATs
prokaryotes
a
focus
their
biochemical
properties,
physiological
roles,
biotechnological
therapeutic
applications.
The
begins
discussion
assay
methods,
followed
by
systematic
TAG
properties
role
DGATs.
Thereafter,
three-dimensional
structure
insights
into
mechanism
action
human
DGAT1,
modeled
from
Brassica
napus.
then
examines
metabolic
engineering
strategies
involving
manipulation
DGAT,
its
relation
improvement
traits
farmed
animals
is
discussed
along
various
eukaryotic
organisms.
