Antiinflammatory activity of natural triterpenes—An overview from 2006 to 2021

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(4), P. 1459 - 1506

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Terpenes are one of the most abundant classes secondary metabolites produced by plants and can be divided based on number isoprene units (C5 ) in monoterpenes (2 units-C10 ), sesquiterpenes (3 units-C15 diterpenes (4 units-C20 triterpenes (6 units-C30 etc. Chemically, classified their structural skeleton including lanostanes, euphanes, cycloartanes, ursanes, oleananes, lupanes, tirucallanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, baccharanes, friedelanes, hopanes, serratanes Additionally, glycosylated (saponins) or highly oxidated/degraded (limonoids) could found nature. The antiinflammatory effect action as immunomodulators these have been demonstrated different studies. This review reports an overview articles published last 15 years (from 2006 to 2021 using PubMed SciFinder database) describing effects with presumed mechanism action, suggesting that appointed natural products future pharmaceutical applicability.

Language: Английский

---

Bergapten ameliorates combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome after PM2.5 exposure by balancing Treg/Th17 expression and suppressing STAT3 and MAPK activation in a mouse model

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 114959 - 114959

Published: May 31, 2023

Combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS) causes chronic respiratory inflammation in individuals. Long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5; particles µm or less diameter) can aggravate damage. Bergapten (5-methoxysporalen) is a furocoumarin mostly found bergamot essential oil has significant antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity. This study created model which CARAS was exacerbated by PM2.5 exposure, BALB/c mice explored the potential of bergapten as therapeutic agent. The medication increased ovalbumin (OVA)-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a level serum decreased OVA-specific IgE IgG1 expression. Clinical nasal symptoms diminished significantly, with weakened inflammatory reaction both mucosa lungs. Furthermore, controlled T helper (Th)1 Th2 ratio increasing cytokines associated Th1-like interleukin (IL)-12 interferon gamma decreasing IL-4, IL-5, IL-13. Factors closely related balance between regulatory cells Th17 (such IL-10, IL-17, Forkhead box protein P3, retinoic-related orphan receptor gamma) were also regulated. Notably, pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha reduced bergapten, suppressed activation signal transducer activator transcription 3 signaling pathway mitogen-activated kinase pathway. Therefore, might have agent for CARAS.

Language: Английский

---

New Insights into Mechanisms Traditional Chinese Medicine for Allergic Rhinitis by Regulating Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathways

Journal of Asthma and Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 97 - 112

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract: Allergy rhinitis (AR) is becoming more common and has serious medical societal consequences. Sneezing, paroxysmal nasal blockage, itching, mucosal edema, coughing, rhinorrhea are symptoms of this type I allergic immunological illness. Immunoglobulin E-mediated inflammation the cause it. Because AR prone to recurrent attacks, extended medication therapy may impair its effectiveness. In addition negatively affecting patients' physical health, can also impact their mental health. During development, there inflammatory oxidative stress responses that linked problems in a number signal transduction pathways. By using terms "allergic rhinitis", "traditional Chinese medicine", "inflammation", "oxidative stress", we screened for pertinent research published over previous five years databases like PubMed. We saw NF-KB, TLR, IL-33/ST2, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Nrf2 some most important pathways AR. Studies have revealed antioxidant anti-inflammatory reduced risk was therapeutic; however, varies widely. The system places high value on traditional medicine (TCM), which been virtually all China's 5000-year history. influencing signaling related stress, herbal constituent compounds shown prevent rhinitis. This review will focus evidence provide references clinical treatment scientific applications. Keywords: rhinitis, medicine, inflammatory,

Language: Английский

---

STAT6 deficiency mitigates the severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia by suppressing Th2-inducing cytokines

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with increased incidence and mortality of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The immune response contributes to artery remodeling OSA-related diseases. immunologic factors linked OSA-induced PH are not well understood. STAT6 crucial in the signaling pathway that modulates response. However, status phosphorylated (p-STAT6) an mouse model remains largely unexplored. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) plays a role progression OSA. This study utilized vivo CIH examine CIH-induced PH. mice exhibited hypertension, indicated by right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), higher left plus septum (RV/LV + S) ratios, significant morphological alterations compared normoxic (Nor) mice. Increased p-STAT6 lungs elevated IL-4 producing T cells deficiency (STAT6-/-) improved PA models.STAT6 impaired helper 2 (Th2) response, affecting IL-13 secretion. IL-4, rather than IL-13, activated human smooth muscle (hPASMCs). knockdown decreased proliferation treated hPASMCs. These findings exhibit critical pathogenesis induced regulating Th2 response.STAT6 could be therapeutic target for

Language: Английский

---

PM2.5 exposure regulates Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine production through NF-κB signaling in combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 110254 - 110254

Published: May 8, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Immunomodulation in allergic rhinitis: Insights from Th2 cells and NLRP3/IL‐18 pathway

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(3)

Published: March 30, 2024

Abstract Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by nasal symptoms such as rubbing and sneezing, often triggered allergen exposure. The purpose of this study to dissect the roles NLRP3‐mediated immune modulation macrophage pyroptosis in modulating T cell differentiation within context ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced AR mice. OVA‐induced was established mice, evaluating symptoms, infiltration, cytokine levels, differentiation. Manipulations using NLRP3−/−, ASC−/− clodronate liposome treatment, NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 were performed assess their impact on responses. Following OVA stimulation, increased observed group along with augmented GATA3 expression elevated IL‐4 IL‐1b indicative Th2 polarization cellular involvement. NLRP3−/− mice exhibited reduced CD3+ cells post induction, implicating AR. Macrophage depletion led decreased IgE highlighting involvement allergic Further investigations revealed enhanced pyroptosis, influencing Th1/Th2 models. IL‐18 released through induced differentiation, distinct from IL‐1b. Additionally, effectively mitigated responses reducing infiltration. This comprehensive unravels pivotal role balance regulation Targeting pathways emerged a promising strategy alleviate providing insights for potential therapeutic interventions management.

Language: Английский

---

Phytochemical inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 105710 - 105710

Published: June 3, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Saikosaponin a activates tet1/dll3/notch1 signalling and promotes hippocampal neurogenesis to improve depression-like behavior in mice

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 319, P. 117289 - 117289

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Integrative approach to uncover antioxidant properties of Bupleuri Radix and its active compounds: Multiscale interactome-level analysis with experimental validation

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 141 - 153

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Acute and chronic liver disease are global problems with high morbidity mortality. Bupleuri Radix (BR) is an herbal medicine that has been prescribed empirically in traditional Asian to modulate metabolism. However, its active compounds therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we integrated a network-based approach experimental validation elucidate BR's potential treating oxidative injury. Our incorporated data collection network construction utilizing bioinformatics tools, identified key based on the multiscale interactome. The proposed were validated using vitro stress model vivo carbon tetrachloride-induced model. We found BR ameliorated hepatic damage by acting multiple proteins (STAT3, TNF, BCL2) signaling pathways (AMPK Hippo pathways). Subsequent experiments confirmed significantly inhibited mitochondrial damage. further effect of AMPK Hippo-YAP pathways; mechanism for antioxidant properties BR. prioritized interactome-based approach, revealed saikosaponin A was compound involved hepatocyte protection (EC50 = 50 μM), similar result metformin 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide. Histochemistry blood biochemistry established tissue mice. Thus, can be used develop novel therapeutics Moreover, suggest strategy prioritize validate

Language: Английский

---

The efficacy and safety of short-term and low-dose IL-2 combined with tocilizumab to treat rheumatoid arthritis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 22, 2024

Background Immunotherapy targeting factors related to immune imbalance has been widely employed for RA treatment. This study aimed evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose interleukin (IL)-2 combined with tocilizumab (TCZ), a biologics IL-6, in patients. Methods Fifty adults active who met criteria complete clinical data were recruited, divided into three groups: control group (n=15), IL-2 (n=26), IL-2+TCZ (n=9). In addition basic treatment, participants received (0.5 MIU/day), while MIU/day) along one dose TCZ (8 mg/kg, maximum dose: 800 mg). All subjects underwent condition assessment, laboratory indicators detection, records before treatment week after Results Compared baseline, all groups showed significant improvement disease conditions, as evidenced by significantly reduced activity indicators. The combination demonstrated violent proliferation Tregs, absolute number Th1, Th2, Th17 cells latter decreasing trend. decrease Th17/Treg ratio was more pronounced groups. No adverse reactions observed any Conclusion Exogenous low doses found be safe effective reducing effector T appropriately increasing Treg levels patients high cell levels. approach helps regulate homeostasis contributes prevention deterioration. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojEN.html?proj=13909 , identifier ChiCTR-INR-16009546.

Language: Английский

---