Advancing gastric cancer treatment: nanotechnology innovations and future prospects

Cell Biology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common worldwide, particularly prevalent in Asia, especially China, where both its incidence and mortality rates are significantly high. Meanwhile, nanotechnology has demonstrated great potential treatment of GC. In particular, nanodrug delivery systems have improved therapeutic efficacy targeting through various functional modifications, such as peptides, tumor microenvironment responsiveness, instrument-based methods. For instance, silica (SiO2) excellent biocompatibility can be used a drug carrier, with porous structure enhancing loading capacity. Polymer nanoparticles regulate release mechanisms by altering material composition preparation Lipid efficiently encapsulate hydrophilic drugs promote cellular uptake, while carbon-based biosensors delivery. Targets integrins, HER2 receptors, been to improve GC treatment. Nanodrug techniques not only enhance capabilities but also selectively target cells. Currently, there lack systematic summarization synthesis regarding relationship between treatment, which some extent hinders researchers clinicians from searching for referencing related studies, thereby reducing work efficiency. This study aims systematically summarize existing research on making it easier professionals search reference, promoting further role their clinical applications review discusses functionalized nanocarriers recent years, including surface modifications targeted markers, combination phototherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, along advantages challenges. It examines future prospects nanomaterials The focuses combined application multiple modalities, demonstrating multimodal treatments. Furthermore, thoroughly explores specific challenges that face biocompatibility, control, translation issues, providing outlook developments. Additionally, this emphasizes value feasibility applications, contrasting reviews focus basic research. Through these innovations, we offer new perspectives directions development

Language: Английский

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Global, Regional, and National Burden of Gastric Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119(3), P. 454 - 467

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer is a significant global health concern, ranking as the fifth most common worldwide and third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While improvements in awareness medical technology have contributed to decline incidence gastric many countries, rate adolescents young adults (GCAYA) has shown an upward trend. Timely effective strategies for screening, detection, treatment are crucial managing burden GCAYA optimizing allocation resources. To this end, our study aimed examine distribution across different factors at global, regional, national levels between 1990 2019. By identifying analyzing these factors, we can better inform efforts combat growing challenge. METHODS: This used data from Global Burden Disease database analyze incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) The age-standardized (ASIR), mortality rate, DALY (ASDR) were summarized presented visually intuitive manner levels. In addition, calculated estimated annual percentage change each indicator globally, regionally, nationally displayed results. Furthermore, conducted age-based analysis with cancer, comparing age composition deaths patients For sake brevity, will use abbreviation refer among throughout remainder article. RESULTS: From 2019, slightly increased globally. number newly diagnosed cases rose 47,932 (95% uncertainty interval 44,592.9–51,005.7) 49,007 (45,007.7–53,078.1) while decreased 35,270 (32,579–37,678.5) 27,895 (25,710.9–30,240.4). ASIR showed declining trend, decreasing 22.4 21.2–23.6) per 100,000 15.6 (14.1–17.2) also 20.5 (19.2–21.6) 11.9 (10.8–12.8) ASDR 493.4 (463.7–523.7) 268.4 (245.5–290.6) male higher than those female adults. was 2.1 times that individuals (368.9 [328.2–410.3] vs 178.2 [160.5–196.9]), 1.1 (14,971.6 [13,643.3–16,520.5] 12,923.6 [11,550.3–14,339]), (841,920.5 [766,655.5–927,598.8] 731,976.3 [653,421–814,242.8]). regions high-middle middle sociodemographic index countries. 198 countries territories Republic Korea showing greatest decrease 1,360.5 (1,300.3–51,416.5) 298.7 (270.1–328.4) −5.14 confidence −7.23 –2.99). age, highest proportion being 35–39 group. both death mainly concentrated group, accounting approximately half total population. DISCUSSION: past 30 years, although new population growth, overall disease indicates progress diagnosis, treatment, education, efforts. However, remains uneven terms sex, development level, region, country. address challenges, authorities should take appropriate measures such screening programs, strengthening individuals, enhancing prevention control improving infrastructure care resources developing promoting international cooperation, implementing tailored measures.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the protein‑encoding functions of circular RNAs associated with cancer (Review)

Oncology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(2)

Published: July 10, 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special class of non‑coding that widely expressed in tissues and cells. Owing to their lack 5'‑cap 3'‑polyadenylated [poly(A)] tail, they more structurally stable difficult degrade compared with linear RNA. Numerous studies published recently have suggested circRNAs can encode peptides or proteins through cap‑independent translation mechanisms participate the occurrence development cancer. In present review, mechanism underlying encoding by circRNAs, biological information tools available for predicting translation, identification verification translational abilities summarized analyzed. Finally, associated circRNA‑encoded polypeptides various types cancer summarized. this review its discussion on coding function, we hope provide novel perspectives possibilities treatment as knowledge area is added developed future.

Language: Английский

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Tumor‐derived Prevotella intermedia aggravates gastric cancer by enhancing Perilipin 3 expression

Cancer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 115(4), P. 1141 - 1153

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract The indigenous microbial milieu within tumorous tissues exerts a pivotal influence on the genesis and advancement of gastric cancer (GC). This investigation scrutinizes functions molecular mechanisms attributed to Prevotella intermedia in malignant evolution GC. Isolation P. from paired GC was undertaken. Quantification abundance 102 accomplished using quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). Assessment biological effects cells observed culture medium supernatant. Furthermore, protein profile treated with tumor‐derived examined through label‐free analysis. functionality perilipin 3 (PLIN3) subsequently confirmed shRNA. Our revealed that relative tumor significantly surpassed corresponding healthy tissues. exhibited correlations differentiation ( p = 0.006), perineural invasion 0.004), omentum majus 0.040), survival duration patients 0.042). supernatant derived tumor‐associated bolstered proliferation, clone formation, migration, cells. After indirect co‐cultivation , dysregulation 34 proteins, including PLIN3, discerned Knockdown PLIN3 mitigated malignancy instigated by findings posit microenvironment plays substantial role progression via modulation expression. Moreover, might serve as potential biomarker for diagnosis prognosis

Language: Английский

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Evaluating the influence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 863 - 880

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

The development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) are closely linked to the nutritional status patients. Although immunotherapy has been demonstrated be clinically effective, relationships sarcopenia myosteatosis with use immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients remain characterized.

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapy of gastric cancer: Present status and future perspectives

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 779 - 793

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article entitled "Advances and key focus areas in gastric cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive scientometric clinical trial review (1999-2023)," which was published recent issue of

Language: Английский

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Comparison of the Biomechanical Properties between Healthy and Whole Human and Porcine Stomachs

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 233 - 233

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Gastric cancer poses a societal and economic burden, prompting an exploration into the development of materials suitable for gastric reconstruction. However, there is dearth studies on mechanical properties porcine human stomachs. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate their properties, focusing interspecies correlations. Stress relaxation tensile tests assessed hyperelastic viscoelastic characteristics The thickness, stress–strain curve, elastic modulus, stress were assessed. Porcine stomachs significantly thicker than stiffness contrast between evident. demonstrated varying modulus values, with highest in longitudinal mucosa layer corpus lowest intact fundus. In stomachs, muscular antrum highest, whereas that circumferential muscularis lowest. degree higher This comprehensively elucidated differences attributable variations across different regions tissue layers, providing essential biomechanical support subsequent field.

Language: Английский

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HER-2 positive gastric cancer: Current targeted treatments

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 274, P. 133247 - 133247

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Collagen extracellular matrix promotes gastric cancer immune evasion by activating IL4I1-AHR signaling

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 102113 - 102113

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health challenge with poor prognosis, partly due to its ability evade the immune system. The extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly collagen, plays crucial role in tumor evasion, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates of collagen ECM promoting evasion gastric by activating IL4I1-AHR signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

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Gastric Cancer Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Applications

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor and ranks as the second leading cause of death among patients worldwide. Due to its hidden nature difficulty in detection, GC has high incidence poor prognosis. Traditional treatment methods such systemic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgical resection are commonly used, but they often fail achieve satisfactory curative effects, resulting very low 5-year survival rate for patients. Currently, targeted therapy immunotherapy prominent areas research both domestically internationally. These hold promise GC. This article focuses on signaling pathways associated with development GC, well recent advancements applications immunotherapy. The aim provide fresh insights clinical

Language: Английский

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