Horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotes: aligning theory with data

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 416 - 430

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Microbiomes of microscopic marine invertebrates do not reveal signatures of phylosymbiosis

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. 810 - 819

Published: May 26, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Archaeal key-residents within the human microbiome: characteristics, interactions and involvement in health and disease

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 102146 - 102146

Published: April 12, 2022

Since the introduction of Archaea as new domain life more than 40 years ago, they are no longer regarded eccentric inhabitants extreme ecosystems. These microorganisms widespread in various moderate ecosystems, including eukaryotic hosts such humans. Indeed, members archaeal community now recognized paramount constituents human microbiome, while their definite role disease or health is not fully elucidated and pathogen has been reported. Here, we present a brief overview archaea residing on body, with specific focus common lineages Methanobrevibacter, Methanosphaeraand Methanomassilococcales.

Language: Английский

---

Endosymbiotic selective pressure at the origin of eukaryotic cell biology

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 10, 2022

The dichotomy that separates prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells runs deep. transition pro- to eukaryote evolution is poorly understood due a lack of reliable intermediate forms and definitions regarding the nature first host could no longer be considered prokaryote, common ancestor, FECA. last LECA, was complex cell united all traits characterising biology including mitochondrion. role endosymbiotic organelle in this radical towards life is, however, sometimes questioned. In particular discovery asgard archaea has stimulated discussions pre-endosymbiotic complexity Here we review differences similarities among models view as isolated coincidental events archaeal or, on contrary, result response endosymbiosis. Inspecting perspective endosymbiont uncovers can explained having evolved solution housing semi-autonomous why addition another endosymbiont, plastid, added extra compartments. Mitochondria provided selective pressures for origin (and continued maintenance) complexity. Moreover, they also energetic benefit throughout eukaryogenesis evolving thousands gene families unique eukaryotes. Hence, synthesis current data lets us conclude such Golgi apparatus, nucleus, autophagosomes, meiosis sex an imposes.

Language: Английский

---

Gene gain facilitated endosymbiotic evolution of Chlamydiae

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 40 - 54

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Abstract Chlamydiae is a bacterial phylum composed of obligate animal and protist endosymbionts. However, other members the Planctomycetes–Verrucomicrobia–Chlamydiae superphylum are primarily free living. How transitioned to an endosymbiotic lifestyle still largely unresolved. Here we reconstructed species relationships modelled genome evolution. Gene content reconstruction from 11,996 gene families suggests motile facultatively anaerobic last common ancestor that had already gained characteristic endosymbiont genes. Counter expectations for streamlining in strict endosymbionts, detected substantial gain within Chlamydiae. We found divergence energy metabolism aerobiosis observed extant lineages emerged later during chlamydial In particular, metabolic aerobic genes more metabolically versatile protist-infecting chlamydiae were gained, such as respiratory chain complexes. Our results show complexity can increase evolution, adding additional perspective understanding symbiont evolutionary trajectories across tree life.

Language: Английский

---

The virome of the last eukaryotic common ancestor and eukaryogenesis

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 1008 - 1017

Published: May 1, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Amoebae as training grounds for microbial pathogens

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8)

Published: July 8, 2024

Grazing of amoebae on microorganisms represents one the oldest predator-prey dynamic relationships in nature. It a genetic "melting pot" for an ancient and continuous multi-directional inter- intra-kingdom horizontal gene transfer between its preys, intracellular microbial residents, endosymbionts, giant viruses, which has shaped evolution, selection, adaptation microbes that evade degradation by predatory amoeba. Unicellular phagocytic are thought to be ancestors macrophages with highly conserved eukaryotic processes. Selection evolution within amoeba through their target processes have facilitated expansion host range mammals, causing various infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Hepatincolaceae (Alphaproteobacteria) are Distinct From Holosporales and Independently Evolved to Associate With Ecdysozoa

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The Hepatincolaceae ( Alphaproteobacteria ) are a group of bacteria that inhabit the gut arthropods and other ecdysozoans, associating extracellularly with microvilli. Previous phylogenetic studies, primarily single‐gene analyses, suggested their relationship to Holosporales , which includes intracellular in protist hosts. However, genomics is still its early stages. In this study, number available genomes was increased examine evolutionary functional characteristics. It found previous grouping incorrect due sequence compositional biases form an independent branch within . This led reinterpretation features, proposing new scenario involves adaptation host association compared distinct specificities. exhibit greater nutritional flexibility, utilising various molecules thriving anaerobic conditions. they have less complex mechanism for modulating interactions, likely direct than those bacteria. addition, representatives show several lineage‐specific traits related differences species life

Language: Английский

---

Anaerobic ciliates as a model group for studying symbioses in oxygen‐depleted environments

Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 69(5)

Published: March 24, 2022

Abstract Anaerobiosis has independently evolved in multiple lineages of ciliates, allowing them to colonize a variety anoxic and oxygen‐depleted habitats. Anaerobic ciliates commonly form symbiotic relationships with various prokaryotes, including methanogenic archaea members several bacterial groups. The hypothesized functions these ecto‐ endosymbionts include the symbiont utilizing ciliate's fermentative end products increase host's anaerobic metabolic efficiency, or directly providing host energy by denitrification photosynthesis. host, turn, may protect from competition, environment, predation. Despite rapid advances sampling, molecular, microscopy methods, as well associated broadening known diversity many aspects ciliate symbioses, specificity coevolution, remain largely unexplored. Nevertheless, number comparative genomic transcriptomic analyses targeting their symbionts on rise, insights into nature symbioses evolution transition obligate anaerobiosis continue deepen. This review summarizes current body knowledge regarding complex symbionts, role significance ecosystem‐level processes.

Language: Английский

---

Genome reduction and horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of Endomicrobia—rise and fall of an intracellular symbiosis with termite gut flagellates

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(6)

Published: May 14, 2024

Bacterial endosymbionts of eukaryotic hosts typically experience massive genome reduction, but the underlying evolutionary processes are often obscured by lack free-living relatives. Endomicrobia, a family-level lineage host-associated bacteria in phylum Elusimicrobiota that comprises both representatives and termite gut flagellates, an excellent model to study evolution intracellular symbionts. We reconstructed 67 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) Endomicrobiaceae among more than 1,700 MAGs from microbiota wide range termites. Phylogenomic analysis confirmed sister position termites ruminants, allowed propose eight new genera radiation Endomicrobiaceae. Comparative documented progressive erosion genus Endomicrobiellum, which all flagellate characterized date. Massive gene losses were accompanied acquisition functions horizontal transfer, led shift glucose-based energy metabolism one based on sugar phosphates. The breakdown glycolysis many anabolic pathways for amino acids cofactors several subgroups was compensated independent uptake systems, including ATP/ADP antiporter, other microbiota. putative donors mostly bacterial phyla, several, hitherto unknown lineages uncultured Alphaproteobacteria, documenting importance transfer convergent these symbioses. loss almost biosynthetic capacities some Endomicrobiellum suggests their originally mutualistic relationship with flagellates is its decline.IMPORTANCEUnicellular eukaryotes frequently colonized archaeal A prominent example cellulolytic termites, harbor diverse host-specific symbionts occur exclusively guts. One lineages, so-called endosymbiotic representatives, offers unique opportunity underpinning transition lifestyle. Our results revealed pathways, via bacteria, suggest eventual initially symbiosis. Evidence unrelated reflects adaptations environment flagellates.

Language: Английский

---