Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(22)

Published: June 2, 2022

Abstract Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to low response rate and severe side effects, these challenges clinics can be addressed through induction immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD elicited from many antitumor therapies release danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) tumor‐associated antigens facilitate maturation dendritic cells (DCs) infiltration cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The process reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment improve sensitivity immunotherapy. Nanostructure‐based drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are explored induce by incorporating therapeutic molecules for chemotherapy, photosensitizers (PSs) photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal conversion agents (PTT), radiosensitizers radiotherapy (RT). These NDDSs loaded at right dose place time, resulting greater effectiveness lower toxicity. Immunotherapeutic also combined with achieve synergic effect multi‐modality approach. In this review, harnessed load multiple PDT, PTT, RT combination promote reduce effects cancer treatment.

Language: Английский

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Stimuli‐Responsive Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery in Synergistic Cancer Immunotherapy

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5)

Published: Dec. 19, 2021

Cancer immunotherapy has achieved promising clinical progress over the recent years for its potential to treat metastatic tumors and inhibit their recurrences effectively. However, low patient response rates dose-limiting toxicity remain as major dilemmas immunotherapy. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (srNPs) combined with offer possibility amplify anti-tumor immune responses, where weak acidity, high concentration of glutathione, overexpressions enzymes, reactive oxygen species, external stimuli in act triggers controlled drug release. This review highlights design srNPs based on tumor microenvironment and/or combine different drugs, especially immunoregulatory agents, which eventually realize synergistic malignant primary or acquire a long-term memory prevent recurrence. The authors hope that this can provide theoretical guidance construction transformation smart delivery cancer

Language: Английский

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Tumor‐Microenvironment‐Responsive Cascade Reactions by a Cobalt‐Single‐Atom Nanozyme for Synergistic Nanocatalytic Chemotherapy

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(48)

Published: Aug. 16, 2022

Nanocatalytic therapy, involving the nanozyme-triggered production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor microenvironment (TME), has demonstrated potential but nanozymes still face challenges activity and specificity that compromise therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report a strategy based on single-atom nanozyme to initiate cascade enzymatic reactions TME for tumor-specific treatment. The cobalt-single-atom nanozyme, with Co-N coordination N-doped porous carbon (Co-SAs@NC), displays catalase-like decomposes cellular endogenous H2 O2 produce , subsequent oxidase-like converts into cytotoxic superoxide radicals efficiently kill cells. By incorporation doxorubicin, therapy achieves significantly enhanced antitumor effect vivo. Our findings show TME-specific catalytic combined chemotherapy is promising efficient therapy.

Language: Английский

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Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Material: An Emerging Class of Metal‐Free Luminophores for Biomedical Applications

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(24)

Published: Oct. 27, 2021

Abstract The development of simple, efficient, and biocompatible organic luminescent molecules is great significance to the clinical transformation biomaterials. In recent years, purely thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with an extremely small single‐triplet energy gap (Δ E ST ) have been considered as most promising new‐generation electroluminescence emitters, which enormous breakthrough in optoelectronics. By merits unique photophysical properties, high structure flexibility, reduced health risks, such metal‐free TADF luminophores attracted tremendous attention biomedical fields, including conventional imaging, time‐resolved imaging sensing, photodynamic therapy. However, there currently no systematic summary for applications, presented this review. Besides a brief introduction major developments material, typical mechanisms fundamental principles on design strategies nanomaterials are subsequently described. Importantly, specific emphasis placed discussion various applications. Finally, authors make forecast remaining challenges future developments. This review provides insightful perspectives clear prospects towards rapid biomedicine, will be highly valuable exploit new materials.

Language: Английский

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Near‐Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Nanoparticle: A Metal‐Free Photosensitizer for Two‐Photon‐Activated Photodynamic Therapy at the Cell and Small Animal Levels

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(6)

Published: Jan. 12, 2022

Abstract Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with extremely small singlet‐triplet energy offsets have opened new horizons for the development of metal‐free photosensitizers photodynamic therapy (PDT) in recent years. However, exploration near‐infrared (NIR) TADF emitters efficient two‐photon‐excited (TPE) PDT is still a formidable challenge, thus it has not been reported yet. In this study, purely organic (PSs) based on nanoparticles (NIR‐TADF NPs) are designed TPE‐PDT, which show excellent singlet oxygen generation ability. Thanks to intrinsic two‐photon excitation and NIR emission characteristics, NIR‐TADF NPs demonstrate promising potential both single‐photon‐excited (SPE) TPE imaging. More importantly, anti‐tumor efficiency biosafety TADF‐based PSs at animal level confirmed A549 tumor xenograft models under laser irradiance, will facilitate practical biomedical applications materials. This work only provides strategy develop PSs, but also expands applied scope nanotherapeutics advances their possible clinical translation cancer therapy.

Language: Английский

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Chemotherapy Mediated by Biomimetic Polymeric Nanoparticles Potentiates Enhanced Tumor Immunotherapy via Amplification of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(47)

Published: Sept. 20, 2022

Construction of multifunctional nanoplatforms to elevate chemotherapeutic efficacy and induce long-term antitumor immunity still remains be an extreme challenge. Herein, the design advanced redox-responsive nanomedicine formulation based on phosphorus dendrimer-copper(II) complexes (1G3 -Cu)- toyocamycin (Toy)-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (GCT NPs) coated with cancer cell membranes (CM) are reported. The designed GCT@CM NPs a size 210 nm stable under physiological conditions but rapidly dissociated in reductive tumor microenvironment deplete glutathione release drugs. co-loading 1G3 -Cu Toy within causes significant apoptosis immunogenic death through -Cu-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Toy-mediated amplification endoplasmic reticulum stress, respectively, thus effectively suppressing growth, promoting dendritic maturation, increasing tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Likewise, CM loaded render homotypic targeting T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging tumors, respectively. With assistance programmed ligand 1 antibody, NP-mediated chemotherapy can significantly potentiate immunotherapy for effective inhibition recurrence metastasis. developed hold great potential chemotherapy-potentiated different types mechanisms or synergies.

Language: Английский

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Current research trends of nanomedicines

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 4391 - 4416

Published: May 20, 2023

Owing to the inherent shortcomings of traditional therapeutic drugs in terms inadequate efficacy and toxicity clinical treatment, nanomedicine designs have received widespread attention with significantly improved reduced non-target side effects. Nanomedicines hold tremendous theranostic potential for treating, monitoring, diagnosing, controlling various diseases are attracting an unfathomable amount input research resources. Against backdrop exponentially growing number publications, it is imperative help audience get a panorama image activities field nanomedicines. Herein, this review elaborates on development trends nanomedicines, emerging nanocarriers, vivo fate safety their extensive applications. Moreover, challenges obstacles hindering translation nanomedicines also discussed. The elaboration aspects may enlighten readers set route future endeavors.

Language: Английский

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Carrier-Free Immunotherapeutic Nano-Booster with Dual Synergistic Effects Based on Glutaminase Inhibition Combined with Photodynamic Therapy

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 1583 - 1596

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

The immunotherapeutic effect elicited by photodynamic therapy (PDT) is attenuated tumor defense mechanisms associated with glutamine metabolism, including the metabolic regulation of redox homeostasis and limitation immunosuppressive microenvironment (ITM). Herein, a carrier-free nanobooster C9SN dual synergistic effects was constructed self-assembly glutaminase (GLS) inhibitor compound 968 (C968) photosensitizer Chlorin e6. C968-mediated GSH deprivation through inhibiting metabolism prevented PDT-generated reactive oxygen species from being annihilated GSH, amplifying intracellular oxidative stress, which caused severe cell death also enhanced immunogenic (ICD) effect. In addition, genome-wide analysis carried out using RNA-sequencing to evaluate changes in transcriptome induced stress. Thereafter, neoantigens generated ICD promoted maturation dendritic cells, thereby recruiting activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Meanwhile, remodeled ITM blocking polarize M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) into M1-type TAMs, further recruited activated CTLs. Ultimately, this suppressed primary distant tumors. This "kill two birds one stone" strategy would shed light on enhancing immunogenicity alleviating immunosuppression improve PDT.

Language: Английский

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Microenvironment-responsive nanocarriers for targeted bone disease therapy

Nano Today, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50, P. 101838 - 101838

Published: March 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Nanocatalysts for modulating antitumor immunity: fabrication, mechanisms and applications

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(5), P. 2643 - 2692

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review discusses the structures and engineering strategies of nanocatalysts, highlighting their underlying mechanisms applications in cancer immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

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