Mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise on multiple sclerosis: focus on immune cells

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neuroimmunological illness that leads to neurological disability in young adults. Although the etiology of MS heterogeneous, it well established aberrant activity adaptive and innate immune cells plays crucial role its pathogenesis. Several cell abnormalities have been described animal models, including T lymphocytes, B dendritic cells, neutrophils, microglia/macrophages, astrocytes, among others. Physical exercise offers valuable alternative or adjunctive disease-modifying therapy for MS. A growing body evidence indicates may reduce autoimmune responses triggered by This partially accomplished restricting infiltration peripheral into central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma, curbing hyperactivation facilitating transition balance from pro-inflammatory an anti-inflammatory state. review provides succinct overview correlation between physical exercise, pathology, highlights potential benefits as strategy prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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Effects of Physical Exercise on Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Level in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 839 - 839

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Background: The prognosis of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) has improved substantially in recent decades due to advances diagnosis and treatment. Due the unpredictable course heterogenous treatment response MS, there is a clear need for biomarkers that reflect disease activity clinical follow-up these patients. We conducted systematic review Bayesian network meta-analysis aim analyzing effects physical exercise on neurofilaments (NfL) glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels patients MS. Methods: A was following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, starting PICO (patient/population, intervention, comparison, outcome) question: what are (with independence type) NfL and/or GFAP MS compared other interventions or no intervention whatsoever? systematically comprehensive literature search from January March 2024 identify original studies answered question, using main data sources. quality included assessed Quality Index Downs & Black. For followed randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, methodological each paper Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale. Risk bias also explored by two independent reviewers. Finally, all articles were classified according evidence grades recommendation established Oxford Center Evidence-Based Medicine. continuous outcome measures enough comparisons greater than equal good PEDro scale, (NMA) applied. statistical analyses performed R (version 4.1.3, Core Team 2023) “BUGSnet” “gemtc” packages. NMA can be used obtain posterior probability distribution relative effects, which allows us quantify uncertainty parameter estimates rank treatments network. Results: Eight this six NMA, they appraised quality. characteristics studies, types training described protocols, quality, risk bias, studied outlined. Qualitative synthesis, different modalities selection final model assessment, ranking shown. Conclusions: Our findings indicated moderate-intensity more likely reduce concentration high-intensity exercise, and, turn, low-intensity exercise. However, inconclusive.

Language: Английский

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Effects of 16-week progressive resistance training on neurodegeneration in people with progressive multiple sclerosis: An extended baseline within-person trial

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106411 - 106411

Published: March 1, 2025

Progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) is characterized by ongoing neurodegeneration, which current therapies inadequately address. Exercise therapy has emerged as a potential approach to mitigate this process. To investigate the effects of 16-week progressive resistance training (PRT) on neurodegeneration and neuronal function in people with PMS. In extended-baseline within-person trial, were assessed (i.e. total brain volume (TBV), cortical deep gray matter (CGMV & DGMV) normalized for intercranial volume, default mode network (DMN) sensorimotor (SMN) resting-state functional connectivity blood-based biomarkers (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acidic protein)). Muscle strength changes also measured. Linear mixed model analysis was used assess changes. Thirty participants (20 females; mean age 54 years) significantly improved muscle (3-11 kg). No significant observed nor function. CGMV demonstrated trend towards decline during baseline (-0.0008, 95 %CI:-0.0017, 0.0001, p = 0.10) intervention period (-0.0007, %CI:-0.0016, 0.10), but not follow-up (0.0002, %CI:-0.0007, 0.0011, 0.60). The PRT did affect Further research longer-term exercise interventions warranted.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic importance of exercise in neuroplasticity in adults with neurological pathology: systematic review

International journal of exercise science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Neuroplasticity is an essential mechanism by which the nervous system shapes and adapts according to functional requirements. Evidence suggests that physical exercise induces a cascade of cellular processes favours brain plasticity. The Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) neurotrophin closely linked neuroplasticity can be increased due exercise. To verify effects therapeutic on and/or peripheral BDNF levels in neurological conditions adults, such as stroke, Parkinson's Alzheimer's diseases mild cognitive impairment address its clinical relevance treatment dysfunctions. A systematic review was carried using PUBMED, Web Science Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria were: randomized controlled trials or pilot studies; humans with age > 18 yrs condition; English language; score ≥ 6 PEDro Scale (moderate high quality). Reviews, meta-analyses other articles did not meet were excluded. PRISMA methodology applied for studies' selection. total 9 studies selected comprehensive analysis. According these studies, moderate intensity aerobic (AE), increases level positively influences gains conditions. Larger outcomes are observed protocols minimum session duration 30 minutes, frequency 3 times/week intervention 4 weeks. Current evidence shows AE patients, thus being fundamental strategy include interventions aiming repair/delay

Language: Английский

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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Multiple Sclerosis Disability: A Prospective Study

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 243 - 243

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating central nervous system disease that leads to neurological disability. Brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) are neurotrophins involved in neurodegenerative disorders. This study analysed the relationship between serum BDNF, disability and different MS treatments. We included 63 people with (PwMS), relapsing-remitting or clinically isolated syndrome, 16 healthy controls (HCs). levels of BDNF specific tests (Expanded Disability Status Scale, timed 25-foot walk test, nine-hole peg test), at baseline (V0) after one year interferon beta1a teriflunomide treatment (V1). Baseline values were not PwMS HCs (p = 0.85). The higher vs. 0.003). was related last-year relapses by duration (all p > 0.05). overall for decreased < 0.001). Both treatments implied similar reduction. influenced lesion burden, active lesions, new lesions on MRI In our cohort, had compared treatment. clinical paraclinical severity signs.

Language: Английский

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Physical exercise and synaptic protection in human and pre-clinical models of multiple sclerosis

Neural Regeneration Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. 1768 - 1771

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

In multiple sclerosis, only immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drugs are recognized as disease-modifying therapies. However, in recent years, several data from pre-clinical clinical studies suggested a possible role of physical exercise therapy sclerosis. Current evidence is sparse often conflicting, the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective antinflammatory sclerosis have not been fully elucidated. Data, mainly derived studies, suggest that could enhance long-term potentiation thus neuroplasticity, reduce neuroinflammation synaptopathy, dampen astrogliosis microgliosis. humans, most trials focused on direct MRI outcomes, investigating synaptic, neuroinflammatory, pathological changes straightforward compared to animal models. The present review analyzed current limitations research concerning potential effects models human studies.

Language: Английский

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Multiple sclerosis and exercise—A disease-modifying intervention of mice or men?

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Research suggests that physical exercise can promote an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective state. If so, increasing or optimizing could be considered a 'disease-modifying intervention' in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Exercise intervention studies conducted animal models of MS are promising. Various aerobic strength training regimes have been shown to delay disease onset reduce both the clinical pathological severity mice. However, fundamental differences between physiology animals humans, states studied, timing significant. In MS, most interventions begin before initiation any sign disease. contrast, humans recruit participants on average nearly decade after diagnosis often once disability is established. If, thought case for disease-modifying treatments, immunomodulatory effect decreases with advancing duration, current may therefore fail detect true potential. Clinical early cohorts needed determine role people MS.

Language: Английский

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The interaction between exercise and neurofilament light chain in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 105809 - 105809

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Oligonol ameliorates liver function and brain function in the 5 × FAD mouse model: transcriptional and cellular analysis

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(21), P. 9650 - 9670

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

5 × FAD Alzheimer's disease male mice were treated orally with oligonol at a daily dose of 50 mg kg −1 for 8 weeks. Oligonol oral treatment was found to improve cognitive function, and reduce anxiety depression in mouse.

Language: Английский

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Biological mechanisms and benefits of physical exercise in multiple sclerosis: a review

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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