Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 363 - 383

Published: March 30, 2020

Language: Английский

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The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 4642 - 4642

Published: April 28, 2021

Living species are continuously subjected to all extrinsic forms of reactive oxidants and others that produced endogenously. There is extensive literature on the generation effects oxygen (ROS) in biological processes, both terms alteration their role cellular signaling regulatory pathways. Cells produce ROS as a controlled physiological process, but increasing becomes pathological leads oxidative stress disease. The induction an imbalance between production radical antioxidant defense systems, which can cause damage biomolecules, including lipids, proteins DNA. Cellular biochemical experiments have been complemented various ways explain chemistry oxidants. However, it often unclear how this translates into chemical reactions involving redox changes. This review addresses question includes robust mechanistic explanation stress.

Language: Английский

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Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: chronic diseases and aging

Archives of Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 97(10), P. 2499 - 2574

Published: Aug. 19, 2023

Abstract A physiological level of oxygen/nitrogen free radicals and non-radical reactive species (collectively known as ROS/RNS) is termed oxidative eustress or “good stress” characterized by low to mild levels oxidants involved in the regulation various biochemical transformations such carboxylation, hydroxylation, peroxidation, modulation signal transduction pathways Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related 2 (Nrf2) other processes. Increased ROS/RNS, generated from both endogenous (mitochondria, NADPH oxidases) and/or exogenous sources (radiation, certain drugs, foods, cigarette smoking, pollution) result a harmful condition stress (“bad stress”). Although it widely accepted, that many chronic diseases are multifactorial origin, they share common denominator. Here we review importance mechanisms through which contributes pathological states an organism. Attention focused on chemistry ROS RNS (e.g. superoxide radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, peroxyl nitric oxide, peroxynitrite), their role damage DNA, proteins, membrane lipids. Quantitative qualitative assessment biomarkers also discussed. Oxidative pathology cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s Down syndrome), psychiatric (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), renal disease, lung disease (chronic pulmonary obstruction, cancer), aging. The concerted action antioxidants ameliorate effect achieved antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutases-SODs, catalase, glutathione peroxidase-GPx), small molecular weight (vitamins C E, flavonoids, carotenoids, melatonin, ergothioneine, others). Perhaps one most effective vitamin first line defense against peroxidation promising approach appears be use flavonoids), showing weak prooxidant properties may boost cellular systems thus act preventive anticancer agents. Redox metal-based enzyme mimetic compounds potential pharmaceutical interventions sirtuins therapeutic targets for age-related anti-aging strategies

Language: Английский

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The double-edged roles of ROS in cancer prevention and therapy

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 4839 - 4857

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as cell signaling molecules generated in oxidative metabolism and are associated with a number of human diseases. The reprogramming redox induces abnormal accumulation ROS cancer cells. It has been widely accepted that play opposite roles tumor growth, metastasis apoptosis according to their different distributions, concentrations durations specific subcellular structures. These double-edged progression include the ROS-dependent malignant transformation stress-induced death. In this review, we summarize notable literatures on generation scavenging, discuss related signal transduction networks corresponding anticancer therapies. There is no doubt an improved understanding sophisticated mechanism biology imperative conquer cancer.

Language: Английский

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The multifaceted role of reactive oxygen species in tumorigenesis

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77(22), P. 4459 - 4483

Published: May 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Copper uptake, essentiality, toxicity, detoxification and risk assessment in soil-plant environment

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 259, P. 127436 - 127436

Published: June 19, 2020

Language: Английский

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Anti-Angiogenic Therapy: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 3765 - 3765

Published: April 5, 2021

Anti-angiogenic therapy is an old method to fight cancer that aims abolish the nutrient and oxygen supply tumor cells through decrease of vascular network avoidance new blood vessels formation. Most anti-angiogenic agents approved for treatment rely on targeting endothelial growth factor (VEGF) actions, as VEGF signaling considered main angiogenesis promotor. In addition control angiogenesis, these drugs can potentiate immune also exhibits immunosuppressive functions. Despite mechanistic rational strongly supports benefit stop progression, they revealed be insufficient in most cases. We hypothesize rehabilitation interfere with mechanisms related microenvironment might represent a promising strategy. this review, we deepened research molecular underlying strategies their failure went further into alternative impact angiogenesis. concluded combinatory effectors angiogenic pathways putative solution therapies.

Language: Английский

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Tumor‐Microenvironment‐Responsive Nanomedicine for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 19, 2021

Abstract The past decades have witnessed great progress in cancer immunotherapy, which has profoundly revolutionized oncology, whereas low patient response rates and potential immune‐related adverse events remain major clinical challenges. With the advantages of controlled delivery modular flexibility, nanomedicine offered opportunities to strengthen antitumor immune responses sensitize tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, tumor‐microenvironment (TME)‐responsive been demonstrated achieve specific localized amplification tissue a safe effective manner, increasing immunotherapy reducing side effects simultaneously. Here, recent TME‐responsive for is summarized, responds signals TME, such as weak acidity, reductive environment, high‐level reactive oxygen species, hypoxia, overexpressed enzymes, adenosine triphosphate. Moreover, combine nanomedicine‐based therapy immunotherapeutic strategies overcome each step cancer‐immunity cycle enhance discussed. Finally, existing challenges further perspectives this rising field with hope improved development applications are

Language: Английский

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Cellular Stress Responses in Radiotherapy

Cells, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 1105 - 1105

Published: Sept. 18, 2019

Radiotherapy is one of the major cancer treatment strategies. Exposure to penetrating radiation causes cellular stress, directly or indirectly, due generation reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and subcellular organelle damage autophagy. These radiation-induced responses cooperatively contribute cell death, but paradoxically, radiotherapy also activation damage-repair survival signaling alleviate cytotoxic effects in a small percentage cells, these activations are responsible for tumor radio-resistance. The present study describes molecular mechanisms stress response radioresistance, therapeutic approaches used overcome radioresistance.

Language: Английский

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DNA Damage/Repair Management in Cancers

Cancers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1050 - 1050

Published: April 23, 2020

DNA damage is well recognized as a critical factor in cancer development and progression. lesions create an abnormal nucleotide or fragment, causing break one both chains of the strand. When occurs, possibility generated mutations increases. Genomic instability most important factors that lead to development. repair pathways perform essential role correcting occur from damaging agents carcinogens, thus maintaining genomic stability. Inefficient driving force behind establishment, progression evolution. A thorough understanding mechanisms will allow for better therapeutic intervention. In this review we discuss relationship between damage/repair cancer, how can target these pathways.

Language: Английский

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