Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2017

Recently, the potential role of gut microbiome in metabolic diseases has been revealed, especially cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is one most prevalent worldwide, yet whether microbiota dysbiosis participates development hypertension remains largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we carried out comprehensive metagenomic and metabolomic analyses a cohort 41 healthy controls, 56 subjects with pre-hypertension, 99 individuals primary hypertension, performed fecal transplantation from patients to germ-free mice.Compared found dramatically decreased microbial richness diversity, Prevotella-dominated enterotype, distinct composition reduced bacteria associated status overgrowth such as Prevotella Klebsiella, disease-linked function both pre-hypertensive hypertensive populations. Unexpectedly, characteristic pre-hypertension group was quite similar that hypertension. The metabolism changes host or were identified be closely linked dysbiosis. And disease classifier based on metabolites constructed discriminate controls accurately. Furthermore, by human donors mice, elevated blood pressure observed transferrable through microbiota, direct influence demonstrated.Overall, our results describe novel causal aberrant contributing pathogenesis significance early intervention for emphasized.

Language: Английский

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Network Pharmacology Databases for Traditional Chinese Medicine: Review and Assessment

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 21, 2019

The research field of systems biology has greatly advanced, and as a result, the concept network pharmacology been developed. This advancement, in turn, shifted paradigm from "one-target, one-drug" mode to "network-target, multiple-component-therapeutics" mode. Network is more effective for establishing "compound-protein/gene-disease" revealing regulation principles small molecules high-throughput manner. approach makes it very powerful analysis drug combinations, especially Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) preparations. In this work, we first summarized databases tools currently used TCM research. Second, focused on several representative applications research, including studies compatibility, target prediction, toxicology Third, compared general statistics current evaluated search results these based 10 famous herbs. summary, rational studies, with development comprehensive have emerged but need further improvements. Additionally, given that diseases could be treated by TCMs, mediation gut microbiota, future should focus both microbiome TCMs better understand treat microbiome-related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Akkermansia muciniphila and its role in regulating host functions

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 171 - 181

Published: Feb. 13, 2016

Language: Английский

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Gut commensal Parabacteroides goldsteinii plays a predominant role in the anti-obesity effects of polysaccharides isolated from Hirsutella sinensis

Gut, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 68(2), P. 248 - 262

Published: July 14, 2018

Objective The medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and its anamorph Hirsutella have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine for their immunomodulatory properties. Alterations the gut microbiota been described obesity type 2 diabetes. We examined possibility that H. mycelium (HSM) isolated fractions containing polysaccharides may prevent diet-induced diabetes by modulating composition microbiota. Design High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were treated with HSM or different molecular weights. effects on assessed horizontal faecal transplantation (FMT), antibiotic treatment 16S rDNA-based analysis. Results Fraction H1 high-molecular weight (>300 kDa) considerably reduced body gain (∼50% reduction) metabolic disorders HFD-fed mice. These associated increased expression thermogenesis protein markers adipose tissues, enhanced integrity, intestinal systemic inflammation improved insulin sensitivity lipid metabolism. Gut analysis revealed selectively promoted growth Parabacteroides goldsteinii , commensal bacterium whose level was FMT combined showed neomycin-sensitive bacteria negatively correlated traits required H1’s anti-obesogenic effects. Notably, oral live P. tissue thermogenesis, integrity levels resistance. Conclusions represent novel prebiotics probiotics be used to treat

Language: Английский

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A combination of quercetin and resveratrol reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats by modulation of gut microbiota

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(12), P. 4644 - 4656

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Resveratrol and quercetin, widely found in foods vegetables, are plant polyphenols reported to have a wide range of biological activities. Despite their limited bioavailabilities, both resveratrol quercetin known exhibit anti-inflammation anti-obesity effects. We hypothesized that gut microbiota may be potential target for prevent the development obesity. The aim this research was confirm whether combination (CQR) could restore dysbiosis induced by high-fat diet (HFD). In study, Wistar rats were divided into three groups: normal (ND) group, HFD group CQR group. treated with administered [30 mg per kg body weight (BW) day] [15 oral gavage. At end 10 weeks, reduced gain visceral (epididymal, perirenal) adipose tissue weight. Moreover, also serum lipids, attenuated inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1] reversed biochemical parameters (adiponectin, insulin, leptin, etc.). Importantly, our results demonstrated modulate composition. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed had an impact on microbiota, decreasing Firmicutes (P < 0.05) proportion Bacteroidetes = 0.052). significantly inhibited relative abundance Desulfovibrionaceae 0.01), Acidaminococcaceae 0.05), Coriobacteriaceae Bilophila Lachnospiraceae its genus Lachnoclostridium 0.001), which potentially related diet-induced compared Bacteroidales_S24-7_group Christensenellaceae Akkermansia Ruminococcaceae 0.01) genera Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 effect relieving HFD-induced obesity, markedly increased Overall, these indicated administration beneficial effects ameliorating obesity reducing dysbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Digestion under saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions and fermentation in vitro by human intestinal microbiota of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 331 - 339

Published: Oct. 12, 2017

Language: Английский

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Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

Foods, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 80 - 80

Published: Nov. 29, 2016

More than 2000 species of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms have been identified to date, many which are widely consumed, stimulating much research on their health-promoting properties. These properties associated with bioactive compounds produced by the mushrooms, including polysaccharides. Although β-glucans (homopolysaccharides) believed be major polysaccharides other types mushroom (heteropolysaccharides) also possess biological Here we survey chemistry such and reported antiobesity antidiabetic as well selected anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, antiviral effects that demonstrate multiple potential. The antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating activities in fat cells, rodents, humans discussed. mechanisms action involve gut microbiota, meaning act prebiotics digestive system. Also covered here nutritional, functional food, clinical, epidemiological studies designed assess polysaccharides, individually blended mixtures, against obesity, diabetes, cancer, infectious diseases, suggestions for further research. collated information suggested needs might guide needed a better understanding enhance use help prevent treat human chronic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Herbal Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Safety

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 7, 2020

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant health burden with an ever-increasing prevalence. They remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use medicinal herbs continues to be alternative treatment approach for several including CVDs. Currently, there is unprecedented drive herbal preparations in modern systems. This powered by aspects, prime among which their cost-effective therapeutic promise compared standard therapies general belief that they safe. Nonetheless, claimed safety yet remains properly tested. Consequently, public awareness should raised regarding safety, toxicity, potentially life-threatening adverse effects, possible herb-drug interactions. Over years, laboratory data have shown may value CVDs as can interfere CVD risk factors. Accordingly, been many attempts move studies on from bench bedside, order effectively employ treatments. In this review, we introduce Then overview disease particular. Further, ethnopharmacological potentials properties against four widely used plants, namely Ginseng, Ginkgo Biloba, Ganoderma lucidum Gynostemma pentaphyllum, gathered reviewed. particular, employment these plants context CVDs, such myocardial infarction, hypertension, peripheral vascular diseases, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathies, dyslipidemias has reviewed, analyzed critically discussed. We also endeavor document recent aimed dissect cellular molecular cardio-protective mechanisms using recently reported vitro vivo studies. Finally, reviewed results clinical trials conducted special emphasis efficacy, toxicity.

Language: Английский

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Citrus polymethoxyflavones attenuate metabolic syndrome by regulating gut microbiome and amino acid metabolism

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2020

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is intricately linked to dysregulation of gut microbiota and host metabolomes. Here, we first find that a purified citrus polymethoxyflavone-rich extract (PMFE) potently ameliorates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS, alleviates dysbiosis, regulates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing metabolomic profiling. The metabolic protective effects PMFE are dependent, as demonstrated by antibiotic treatment fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT). modulation altered BCAA levels in the serum feces, which were significantly associated with features actively responsive therapeutic interventions PMFE. Notably, greatly enriched commensal bacterium Bacteroides ovatus, gavage B. ovatus reduced concentrations alleviated MetS HFD mice. may be used prebiotic agent attenuate target-specific microbial species have unique promise for diseases.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota, a new frontier to understand traditional Chinese medicines

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 142, P. 176 - 191

Published: Feb. 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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