RNA modifications modulate gene expression during development

Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 361(6409), P. 1346 - 1349

Published: Sept. 28, 2018

RNA modifications have recently emerged as critical posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression programs. They affect diverse eukaryotic biological processes, and the correct deposition many these is required for normal development. Messenger (mRNA) regulate various aspects mRNA metabolism. For example,

Language: Английский

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Intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in animals

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 143 - 151

Published: Nov. 30, 2018

Language: Английский

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Functions and mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance in animals

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. 774 - 790

Published: Nov. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

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DNA Methylation Reprogramming during Mammalian Development

Genes, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 257 - 257

Published: March 29, 2019

DNA methylation (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a major form of modification in the mammalian genome that plays critical roles chromatin structure and gene expression. In general, stably maintained somatic tissues. However, patterns levels show dynamic changes during development. Specifically, undergoes two waves global demethylation remethylation for purpose producing next generation. The first wave occurs germline, initiated with erasure primordial germ cells (PGCs) completed establishment sex-specific later stages cell second after fertilization, including most marks inherited from gametes subsequent embryonic pattern. reprogramming involve both distinct shared mechanisms. this review article, we provide an overview key events, focusing on important players these processes, methyltransferases (DNMTs) ten-eleven translocation (TET) family 5mC dioxygenases.

Language: Английский

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The Role of the Epididymis and the Contribution of Epididymosomes to Mammalian Reproduction

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(15), P. 5377 - 5377

Published: July 29, 2020

It is well-established that testicular spermatozoa are immature and acquire motility fertilization capabilities during transit throughout the epididymis. The epididymis a duct-like organ connects testis to vas deferens comprised of four anatomical regions: initial segment, caput, corpus, cauda. Sperm maturation occurs epididymal by interaction sperm cells with unique luminal environment each region. In this review we discuss as an essential reproductive responsible for concentration, (including acquisition fertilizing ability), protection storage. Importantly, also specific characteristics roles epididymal-derived exosomes (epididymosomes) in establishing competency within intricate process reproduction. This suggests increasing body evidence working develop complete picture role male reproduction, offspring health, disease susceptibility.

Language: Английский

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Sperm RNA code programmes the metabolic health of offspring

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 489 - 498

Published: June 24, 2019

Language: Английский

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Noncanonical Roles of tRNAs: tRNA Fragments and Beyond

Annual Review of Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 54(1), P. 47 - 69

Published: Aug. 25, 2020

As one of the most abundant and conserved RNA species, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are well known for their role in reading codons on messenger translating them into proteins. In this review, we discuss noncanonical functions tRNAs. These include tRNAs as precursors to novel small molecules derived from tRNAs, also called tRNA-derived fragments, that across species have diverse different biological processes, including regulating protein translation, Argonaute-dependent gene silencing, more. Furthermore, biosynthesis other regulatory pathways, nutrient sensing, splicing, transcription, retroelement regulation, immune response, apoptosis, is reviewed. Genome organization sequence variation tRNA genes discussed light functions. Lastly, recent applications genome editing microbiome sequencing.

Language: Английский

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PANDORA-seq expands the repertoire of regulatory small RNAs by overcoming RNA modifications

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 424 - 436

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Human sperm displays rapid responses to diet

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(12), P. e3000559 - e3000559

Published: Dec. 26, 2019

The global rise in obesity and steady decline sperm quality are two alarming trends that have emerged during recent decades. In parallel, evidence from model organisms shows paternal diet can affect offspring metabolic health a process involving tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA). Here, we report human acutely sensitive to nutrient flux, both terms of motility changes tsRNA. Over the course 2-week intervention, which first introduced healthy followed by rich sugar, increased stabilized at high levels. Small RNA-seq on repeatedly sampled same individuals revealed tsRNAs were up-regulated eating high-sugar for just 1 week. Unsupervised clustering identified independent pathways biogenesis these tsRNAs: one novel class fragments with specific cleavage T-loop mature nuclear tRNAs other exclusively mitochondrial tsRNAs. Mitochondrial involvement was further supported similar up-regulation rRNA-derived (rsRNA). Notably, sugar-sensitive tsRNA positively associated simultaneous negatively an clinical cohort. This rapid response dietary intervention is attuned intergenerational responses found organisms. More importantly, our findings suggest shared diet-sensitive mechanisms between tsRNA, provide insights about interplay nutrition male reproductive health.

Language: Английский

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Origins and evolving functionalities of tRNA-derived small RNAs

Trends in Biochemical Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(10), P. 790 - 804

Published: May 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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