Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 7, 2021

Abstract Background Alteration of the gut microbiota may contribute to development inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive constituent green tea, is known be beneficial in IBD alleviation. However, it unclear whether exerts an effect when EGCG attenuates IBD. Results We first explored oral or rectal delivery on DSS-induced murine colitis. Our results revealed that anti-inflammatory and colonic barrier integrity were enhanced by oral, but not rectal, EGCG. observed distinct EGCG-mediated alteration microbiome increasing Akkermansia abundance butyrate production. Next, we demonstrated pre-supplementation induced similar outcomes administration. Prophylactic attenuated colitis significantly enriched short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria such as SCFAs production mice. To validate these discoveries, performed fecal transplantation (FMT) sterile filtrate (SFF) inoculate DSS-treated Microbiota from EGCG-dosed mice alleviated over control SFF shown superiorly integrity, also SCFAs. Collectively, attenuation suggests intimate involvement SCFAs-producing , SCFAs, which was further prophylaxis FMT. Conclusions This study provides data indicating ameliorated inflammation microbiota-dependent manner. findings provide novel insights into remission potential modulator for prevent treat

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Epidemiological surveys indicate that the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing rapidly with continuous growth economy. A large number studies have investigated relationship between genetic factors related to susceptibility IBD and gut microbiota patients by using high-throughput sequencing. considered outcome interaction host microorganisms, including intestinal microbial factors, abnormal immune response, a damaged mucosal barrier. The imbalance homeostasis leads colonization invasion opportunistic pathogens in gut, which increases risk response promotes development IBD. It critical identify specific pathogenesis An in-depth understanding various pathogenic great significance for early detection This review highlights role provides theoretical basis personalized approaches modulate treat

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory and Microbiota-Related Regulation of the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Sept. 13, 2021

The intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) is one of the largest interfaces between environment and internal milieu body. It essential to limit passage harmful antigens microorganisms and, on other side, assure absorption nutrients water. maintenance this delicate equilibrium tightly regulated as it for human homeostasis. Luminal solutes ions can pass across IEB via two main routes: transcellular pathway or paracellular pathway. Tight junctions (TJs) are a multi-protein complex responsible regulation permeability. TJs control through have key role in maintaining integrity. Several factors, including cytokines, gut microbiota, dietary components known regulate TJs. Gut microbiota participates several functions modulation cells immune system release metabolites, such short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Mediators released by induce cell damage dysfunction. subsequent disruption allows into mucosa leading further inflammation. Growing evidence indicates that dysbiosis, activation, dysfunction diseases, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory disease (IBD), gluten-related conditions. Here we summarize interplay mucosal their involvement IBS, IBD, disorders.

Language: Английский

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Short-chain fatty acids in diseases

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in gastrointestinal tract. The absorption SCFAs is mediated substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number studies have implicated microorganisms crucial executors diet-based microbial influence on host. important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) represent a major carbon flux from diet, that decomposed gut microbiota. play vital role multiple molecular biological processes, promoting secretion glucagon-like peptide-1 IECs to inhibit elevation blood glucose, expression G protein-coupled receptors GPR41 GPR43, inhibiting histone deacetylases, participate regulation proliferation, differentiation, function IECs. affect motility, barrier function, host Furthermore, regulatory roles local, intermediate, peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, butyrate SCFAs, they involved immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, lipid Herein, we review diverse functional this class reflect their ability intestine, metabolic, other diseases.

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiome and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Annual Review of Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 455 - 468

Published: Sept. 23, 2021

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) arise from a convergence of genetic risk, environmental factors, and gut microbiota, where each is necessary but not sufficient to cause disease. Emerging evidence supports bidirectional relationship between disease progression changes in microbiota membership function. Thus, the study microbiome host-microbe interactions should provide critical insights into pathogenesis as well leads for developing microbiome-based diagnostics interventions IBD. In this article, we review most recent advances understanding IBD highlight importance going beyond establishing description association gain mechanistic causes consequences The aims contextualize findings form conceptional frameworks etiopathogenesis future development interventions.

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathogenic Role and Potential Therapeutic Targets

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 3464 - 3464

Published: March 23, 2022

Microbe–host communication is essential to maintain vital functions of a healthy host, and its disruption has been associated with several diseases, including Crohn’s disease ulcerative colitis, the two major forms inflammatory bowel (IBD). Although individual members intestinal microbiota have experimental IBD, identifying microorganisms that affect susceptibility phenotypes in humans remains considerable challenge. Currently, lack definition between what dysbiotic gut microbiome limits research. Nevertheless, although clear proof-of-concept causality still lacking, there an increasingly evident need understand microbial basis IBD at strain, genomic, epigenomic, functional levels specific clinical contexts. Recent information on role diet novel environmental risk factors affecting direct implications for immune response impacts development IBD. The complexity pathogenesis, involving multiple distinct elements, suggests integrative approach, likely utilizing computational modeling molecular datasets identify more therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

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The gut virome: A new microbiome component in health and disease

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 104113 - 104113

Published: June 23, 2022

The human gastrointestinal tract harbours an abundance of viruses, collectively known as the gut virome. virome is highly heterogeneous across populations and linked to geography, ethnicity, diet, lifestyle, urbanisation. currently function varies greatly populations, much remains unknown. We review current literature on virome, intricate trans-kingdom interplay among bacteria, mammalian host underlying health diseases. summarise evidence use diagnostic markers a therapeutic target. shed light novel avenues microbiome-inspired diagnosis therapies. also pre-clinical clinical studies virome-rectification-based therapies, including faecal microbiota transplantation, refined phage therapy. Our suggests that future research effort should focus unravelling mechanisms exerted by viruses/phages in pathophysiology, developing phage-prompted precision

Language: Английский

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Regulatory role of short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: May 11, 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic inflammatory disorders the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence shows that development IBD is always accompanied by dysbiosis gut microbiota (GM), causing decrease in prebiotic levels and an increase harmful metabolite levels. This leads to persistent immune response inflammation intestine, greatly impairing physiological function Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced probiotic bacteria from fiber-rich diet cannot be digested directly. SCFAs with significant anti-inflammatory functions regulate prevent excessive response, thereby delaying clinical progression IBD. In this review, we summarize generation their potential therapeutic effects on Furthermore, suggest may modulate innate recognition cytokine production intervene Additional randomized controlled trials prospective cohort studies should also investigate impact SCFA. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Physiologically Inspired Mucin Coated Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Enhances Biotherapy by Regulating the Pathological Microenvironment to Improve Intestinal Colonization

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 4041 - 4058

Published: March 1, 2022

The delivery of probiotics to the microbiota is a promising method prevent and treat diseases. However, oral will suffer from gastrointestinal insults, especially pathological microenvironment inflammatory diseases such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) exhausted mucus layer, which can limit their survival colonization in intestinal tract. Inspired by fact that colonized grew layer under physiological conditions, we developed strategy for super probiotic (EcN@TA-Ca2+@Mucin) coated with tannic acid mucin via layer-by-layer technology. We demonstrated endows superior resistance harsh environment tract strong adhesiveness intestine through its interaction mucus, enhanced growth without removing coating. Moreover, EcN@TA-Ca2+@Mucin distinctly down-regulate inflammation ROS scavenging reduce side effects bacterial translocation bowel diseases, increasing abundance diversity gut microflora. envision it powerful platform improve regulating microenvironment, expected provide an important perspective applying variety

Language: Английский

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