Sodium butyrate alleviates free fatty acid-induced steatosis in primary chicken hepatocytes via the AMPK/PPARα pathway

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(4), P. 103482 - 103482

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder observed in egg-laying hens, characterized by fatty deposits and cellular steatosis the liver. Our preliminary investigations have revealed marked decrease concentration of butyric acid FLHS strain laying hens. It has been established that sodium butyrate (NaB) protects against disorders. However, underlying mechanism which modulates hepato-lipid metabolism to great extent remains unexplored. In this study, we constructed an isolated vitro model chicken primary hepatocytes induce hepatic free acids (FFA). results demonstrate treatment with NaB effectively mitigated FFA-induced inhibiting lipid accumulation, downregulating mRNA expression lipo-synthesis-related genes (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC1), synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1), X receptor α (LXRα), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR)) (P < 0.05), upregulating protein AMP-activated kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPARα), carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) 0.05). Moreover, AMPK PPARα inhibitors (Compound C (Comp C) GW6471, respectively) reversed protective effects blocking AMPK/PPARα pathway, leading droplet accumulation triglyceride (TG) contents hepatocytes. With these findings, can alleviate hepatocyte lipoatrophy injury activating promoting oxidation, reducing synthesis hepatocytes, potentially being able provide new ideas for FLHS.

Language: Английский

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Effect of 1-year lifestyle intervention with energy-reduced Mediterranean diet and physical activity promotion on the gut metabolome and microbiota: a randomized clinical trial

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119(5), P. 1143 - 1154

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been linked to presence beneficial gut microbes and related metabolites. However, its impact on fecal metabolome remains poorly understood. Our goal was investigate weight loss effects a 1-year lifestyle intervention based an energy-reduced MedDiet coupled with physical activity (intervention group), compared ad libitum (control metabolites, microbiota, their potential association cardiovascular risk factors A total 400 participants (200 from each study aged 55-75 years, at high risk, were included. Dietary information, anthropometric measurements, blood biochemical parameters, stool samples collected baseline after 1 year follow-up. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry used profile endogenous 16S amplicon sequencing employed microbiota. Compared control group, group exhibited greater improvement in various factors. We identified four metabolites subnetworks primarily composed bile acids, ceramides, sphingosines, fatty carnitines, nucleotides, purine Krebs cycle. Some these associated changes several Additionally, we observed reduction abundance genera Eubacterium Hallii Dorea, increase alpha diversity Changes intervention-related microbiota profiles also alterations different metabolite some An promotion, MedDiet, improvements cardiometabolic factors, potentially through modulation metabolome. ISRCTN89898870 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN89898870)

Language: Английский

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Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2841 - 2841

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders that concurrently act as factors promoting systemic pathologies such atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus. It now believed to encompass six main interacting conditions: visceral fat, imbalance lipids (dyslipidemia), hypertension, insulin resistance (with without impairing both glucose tolerance and fasting blood sugar), inflammation. In the last 10 years, there has been progressive interest through scientific research investigations conducted in field metabolomics, confirming trend evaluate role metabolome, particularly intestinal one. The microbiota (IM) crucial due diversity microorganisms their abundance. Consequently, IM dysbiosis its derivate toxic metabolites have correlated with MetS. By intervening these two (dysbiosis consequently metabolome), we can potentially prevent slow down clinical effects MetS process. This, turn, may mitigate dysregulations axes, lung axis, thereby alleviating negative impact on respiratory pathology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, biomolecular mechanisms which influences host’s metabolism via metabolome normal pathological conditions are still unclear. this study, seek provide description knowledge date influence it. Furthermore, analyze interactions between functions pathophysiology major diseases local metabolome’s relate endotoxemia.

Language: Английский

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Selenium-enrichedBifidobacterium longumDD98 relieves irritable bowel syndrome induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in mice

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 5355 - 5374

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional intestinal disorder without clear pathological mechanisms. Classical treatments for IBS are not always effective and usually accompanied by side effects. Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98 (Se-B. DD98) selenized probiotic strain which has shown many beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal tract, but its underlying mechanism unclear. This study aims to investigate relieving of Se-B. chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced in mice. The model mice were treated with saline, B. DD98, or while receiving CUMS. results suggest that significantly relieved symptoms reduced permeability inflammation. depression anxiety-like behaviors also improved DD98. In addition, expression serotonin (5-HT), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), neuropeptide Y (NPY), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), indicators closely related mood brain-gut axis, up-regulated Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing showed effectively restored relative abundance microbes (e.g., Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, Akkermansia) regulated impaired diversity gut microbiota These positively acts axis improving functions regulating mood-associated Therefore, this Se-enriched could be considered promising candidate alleviation CUMS-induced IBS.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and kidney diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Background The interplay between gut microbiome genera and inflammatory kidney-related diseases, such as nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, tubulo-interstitial nephritis, chronic kidney disease, has been observed. However, the causal relationships specific bacterial these renal diseases have not fully elucidated. Objective To investigate potential links different of susceptibility to various conditions utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Materials methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics microbiota were obtained from published GWASs. Two-sample MR analyses conducted using including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), Egger, others identify microbial conditions. Sensitivity analyses, Cochran’s Q test MR-PRESSO global test, performed validate robustness results detect horizontal pleiotropy. In addition, a reverse analysis was assess causation possibilities. Results By synthesizing insights both primary sensitivity this unveiled critical associations 12 with 7 membranous nephropathy, 3 4 acute 6 disease. Various pinpointed having either positive or negative conditions, evidenced by ranges IVW-OR values (all P&lt; 0.05). congruence bolstered findings, displaying no marked heterogeneity Notably, nephritis exposure did reveal any relationships, thereby strengthening resilience validity associations. Conclusion This explored several risk uncovering These findings enhance our understanding complex they will be beneficial for early diagnosis subsequent treatment.

Language: Английский

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Causal associations between gut microbiota with intervertebral disk degeneration, low back pain, and sciatica: a Mendelian randomization study

European Spine Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(4), P. 1424 - 1439

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Vancomycin relieves tacrolimus-induced hyperglycemia by eliminating gut bacterial beta-glucuronidase enzyme activity

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Up to 40% of transplant recipients treated long-term with tacrolimus (TAC) develop post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). TAC is an important risk factor for PTDM, but also essential immunosuppression after transplantation. Long-term treatment alters the gut microbiome, mechanisms TAC-induced microbiota in pathogenesis PTDM are poorly characterized. Here, we showed that vancomycin, inhibitor bacterial beta-glucuronidase (GUS), prevents glucose disorder and insulin resistance mice. Metagenomics shows GUS-producing bacteria predominant flourish hyperglycemia mouse model, upregulation intestinal GUS activity. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed presence high activity, hydrolysis bile acid (BAs)-glucuronic conjugates increased most BAs overproduced serum liver, which, turn, activates ileal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) suppresses GLP-1 secretion by L-cells. The vancomycin significantly eliminated inhibited activity levels, thereby enhancing L-cell preventing hyperglycemia. Our results propose a novel clinical strategy inhibiting enzyme prevent without requiring withdrawal treatment. This exerted its effect through acid-FXR-GLP-1 pathway.

Language: Английский

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Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 10, 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm organ systems and lead acute or complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy drugs insulin; however, some patients still find satisfactory curative effect difficult achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis the pathogenesis types DM, paving way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting gut microbiota manage DM. Fecal transplantation (FMT), method re-establishing intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities treating diabetes. This article provides comprehensive review microbiota, as well current advancements in FMT using an illustrative example. study aims offer perspectives establish theoretical foundation clinical diagnosis management

Language: Английский

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16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals altered gut microbiota in young adults with schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Gut dysbiosis has been established as a characteristic of schizophrenia (SCH). However, the signatures regarding SCH patients with prominent negative symptoms (SCH-N) in young adults have poorly elucidated.

Language: Английский

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Physical Exercise and the Gut Microbiome: A Bidirectional Relationship Influencing Health and Performance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(21), P. 3663 - 3663

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Background/Objectives: The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that can influence our health and exercise habits. On the other hand, physical also impact microbiome, affecting health. Our narrative review examines bidirectional relationship between activity as well potential for targeted probiotic regimens to enhance sports performance. Methods: We conducted comprehensive literature select articles published up till January 2024 on topics exercise, sports, probiotics, microbiota from major scientific databases, incorporating over 100 studies. Results: found varies with type intensity exercise. Moderate promotes healthy immune system, while high-intensity long duration cause leaky consequent systemic inflammation, which may disrupt microbial balance. Combining aerobic resistance training significantly affects bacterial diversity, linked lower prevalence chronic metabolic disorders. Furthermore, enhances increases SCFA production, improves nutrient utilization, modulates neural hormonal pathways, improving barrier integrity. findings showed supplementation associated decreased enhanced performance, fewer gastrointestinal disturbances, suggesting mutually influential. Conclusions: exemplified by how promote beneficial bacteria potentially ability through various mechanisms. These underscore importance adding tailored consider individual profiles into programs.

Language: Английский

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