Shenfu injection improves isoproterenol-induced heart failure in rats by modulating co-metabolism and regulating the trimethylamine-N-oxide - inflammation axis DOI Creative Commons
Li Lin, Jiahao Ye, Zhenyu Zhao

et al.

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 20, 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic condition that progressively worsens and continues to be major financial burden public health concern. The “gut-heart” axis provides an innovative perspective therapeutic strategy for preventing treating heart failure. Shenfu injection (SFI) Traditional Chinese Medicine-based treatment demonstrating potential as However, the precise mechanisms of SFI in are not completely characterized. In this study, HF models were established utilizing subcutaneous multipoint isoproterenol (ISO) at dosage 5 mg kg −1 ·d 7 days. Serum levels inflammatory biomarkers quantified using protein microarrays. Rat feces analyzed untargeted metabolomics research 16S rRNA sequencing. link between gut microbiota metabolites was examined MetOrigin Spearman correlation analysis. Our results show effectively enhances cardiac function rats with ISO-induced by potentially modulating pro-/anti-inflammatory imbalance reducing serum urine Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels. Moreover, significantly increases abundance Bacteroidota phylum level, thereby improving disrupted composition. Additionally, supplementation enriches specific genera known their capacity produce short-chain fatty acids. found associated three key metabolic pathways, revealed fecal metabonomics analysis, including pentose phosphate pathway, pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism. Metabolite tracing analysis Taurine hypotaurine metabolism microbial community. biosynthesis Pyrimidine Purine beta-alanine Naphthalene degradation, Pantothenate, CoA identified co-metabolic pathways microbes host. also correlated differentially expressed regulated microbiota. These suggest improves co-metabolism regulating TMAO-inflammation axis.

Language: Английский

Exploring the Gut Microbiota: Key Insights into Its Role in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes DOI Creative Commons
Sabitha Sasidharan Pillai, Charles A. Gagnon, Christy Foster

et al.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109(11), P. 2709 - 2719

Published: July 23, 2024

Abstract The gut microbiota (GM), comprising trillions of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, is a key player development obesity and related metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), syndrome (MS), cardiovascular diseases. This mini-review delves into intricate roles mechanisms GM these conditions, offering insights potential therapeutic strategies targeting microbiota. review elucidates diversity human GM, highlighting its pivotal functions host physiology, including nutrient absorption, immune regulation, energy metabolism. Studies show that dysbiosis linked to increased extraction, altered pathways, inflammation, contributing obesity, MS, T2D. interplay between dietary habits composition explored, underscoring influence diet on microbial functions. Additionally, addresses impact common medications interventions like fecal transplantation composition. evidence so far advocates for further research delineate modulation mitigating diseases, emphasizing necessity clinical trials establish effective sustainable treatment protocols.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Time to Consider the “Exposome Hypothesis” in the Development of the Obesity Pandemic DOI Open Access
Victoria Catalán, Icíar Avilés-Olmos, Amaia Rodrı́guez

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1597 - 1597

Published: April 12, 2022

The obesity epidemic shows no signs of abatement. Genetics and overnutrition together with a dramatic decline in physical activity are the alleged main causes for this pandemic. While they undoubtedly represent contributors to problem, not able fully explain all cases current trends. In context, body knowledge related exposure as yet underappreciated obesogenic factors, which can be referred "exposome", merits detailed analysis. Contrarily genome, "exposome" is subject great dynamism variability, unfolds throughout individual's lifetime. development precise ways capturing full spectrum person extraordinarily demanding. Data derived from epidemiological studies linking excess weight elevated ambient temperatures, utero, intergenerational effects well epigenetics, microorganisms, microbiota, sleep curtailment, endocrine disruptors, among others, suggests possibility that may work alone or synergistically several alternative putative global epidemic. This narrative review reports available evidence on drivers Broadly based interventions needed better identify these at same time stimulating reflection potential relevance perpetuation

Language: Английский

Citations

69
The role and mechanisms of gram-negative bacterial outer membrane vesicles in inflammatory diseases DOI Creative Commons

Shuoling Chen,

Lei Qian, Xianghui Zou

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 16, 2023

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, bilayered, and nanosized that secreted from gram-negative bacteria. OMVs play a pivotal role in delivering lipopolysaccharide, proteins other virulence factors to target cells. Multiple studies have found participate various inflammatory diseases, including periodontal disease, gastrointestinal inflammation, pulmonary inflammation sepsis, by triggering pattern recognition receptors, activating inflammasomes inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. also affect distant organs or tissues via long-distance cargo transport atherosclerosis Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we primarily summarize the of describe mechanism through which signal cascades, discuss effects on pathogenic processes with aim providing novel insights into diseases prevention treatment OMV-mediated diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Gut microbes in metabolic disturbances. Promising role for therapeutic manipulations? DOI
Piero Portincasa, Mohamad Khalil,

Annarita Graziani

et al.

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 119, P. 13 - 30

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Altered gut microbiota of obesity subjects promotes colorectal carcinogenesis in mice DOI Creative Commons
Xing Kang,

Siu-Kin Ng,

Changan Liu

et al.

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 93, P. 104670 - 104670

Published: June 19, 2023

Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of gut microbiota in mediating the cancer-promoting effect obesity unknown.Azoxymethane (AOM)-treated, ApcMin/+ and germ-free mice were gavaged with feces from obese individuals control subjects respectively. colonic tumor load number recorded at endpoint two carcinogenic models. composition transcriptome assessed by metagenomic sequencing RNA sequencing, anticancer effects bacteria depleted fecal samples validated.Conventional AOM-treated receiving showed significantly increased colon formation compared those subjects. impaired intestinal barrier function significant upregulation pro-inflammatory cytokines activation oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway. Consistently, transferring to led cell proliferation, impairment, induction proinflammatory gene expression. Moreover, transplanted human donors had abundance potential pathobiont Alistipes finegoldii, reduced commensals Bacteroides vulgatus Akkermansia muciniphila normal body mass index (BMI). Validation experiments that B. A. demonstrated anti-proliferative CRC, while finegoldii promoted CRC growth.Our results supported obesity-associated carcinogenesis identified putative bacterial candidates may mediate its mechanisms. Microbiota modulation provide new approaches prevent or treat obesity-related cancers including CRC.This work was funded National Key Research Development Program China (2020YFA0509200/2020YFA0509203), Natural Science Foundation (81922082), RGC Theme-based Scheme Hong Kong (T21-705/20-N), Impact Fund (R4632-21F), RGC-CRF (C4039-19GF C7065-18GF), RGC-GRF (14110819, 14111621), NTU Start-Up Grant (021337-00001).

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Nontargeted metabolomics combining with intestinal microbiota and hypolipidemia targets elucidates anti-hyperlipidemia effect of Sangju yinzha tea in hyperlipidemia rats DOI
Jinmei Wang, Lin Guo,

Xuting Hao

et al.

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106012 - 106012

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Gut Microecological Prescription: A Novel Approach to Regulating Intestinal Micro-Ecological Balance DOI Creative Commons
Lingping Zhu, Xuefeng Yang

International Journal of General Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 603 - 626

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract: The intestinal microecology is comprises microorganisms and other components constituting the entire ecosystem, presenting characteristics of stability dynamic balance. Current research reveals microecological imbalances are related to various diseases. However, fundamental clinical applications have not been effectively integrated. Considering importance complexity regulating balance, this study provides an overview high-risk factors affecting detection methods. Moreover, it proposes definition imbalance definition, formulation, outcomes gut prescription facilitate its application in practice, thus promoting on improving quality life population. Keywords: microecology, risk, prescription, faecal microbiota transplantation

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The intestinal barrier: a pivotal role in health, inflammation, and cancer DOI Creative Commons

Markus F. Neurath,

David Artis,

Christoph Becker

et al.

˜The œLancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

SummaryThe intestinal barrier serves as a boundary between the mucosal immune system in lamina propria and external environment of lumen, which contains diverse array microorganisms ingested environmental factors, including pathogens, food antigens, toxins, other foreign substances. This has central role regulating controlled interaction luminal factors system. Disruptions epithelial cells, serve physical barrier, or antimicrobial peptides mucins they produce, act chemical can lead to leaky gut. In this state, wall is unable efficiently separate flora contents from The subsequent activation an important pathogenesis inflammatory bowel disease, well metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, colorectal cancer. Dysregulated integrity also been described patients with chronic diseases outside gastrointestinal tract, rheumatoid arthritis neurodegenerative disorders. Mechanistic studies dysfunction have revealed that local systemic circulation activated cells cytokines secrete, extracellular vesicles, promote proinflammatory processes within tract. Review, we summarise these findings highlight several new therapeutic concepts currently being developed attempt control via direct indirect modulation function.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Contribution of the microbiome for better phenotyping of people living with obesity DOI Creative Commons
Agostino Di Ciaula, Leonilde Bonfrate, Mohamad Khalil

et al.

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 839 - 870

Published: April 29, 2023

Obesity has reached epidemic proportion worldwide and in all ages. Available evidence points to a multifactorial pathogenesis involving gene predisposition environmental factors. Gut microbiota plays critical role as major interface between external factors, i.e., diet, lifestyle, toxic chemicals, internal mechanisms regulating energy metabolic homeostasis, fat production storage. A shift composition is linked with overweight obesity, pathogenic bacterial products metabolites (mainly endocannabinoid-related mediators, short-chain fatty acids, bile catabolites of tryptophan, lipopolysaccharides) subsequent alterations gut barrier, altered insulin resistance chronic, low-grade inflammation. Although animal studies point the links an "obesogenic" development different obesity phenotypes, translational value these results humans still limited by heterogeneity among studies, high variation over time lack robust longitudinal adequately considering inter-individual confounders. Nevertheless, available underscores existence several genera predisposing or, conversely, lean metabolically health phenotype (e.g., Akkermansia muciniphila, species from Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Roseburia). Further using metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics exact characterization confounders are needed this field. Results must confirm that distinct specific microbial-derived represent effective precision interventions against long-term.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
From nitrate to NO: potential effects of nitrate-reducing bacteria on systemic health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Hongyu Liu, Yisheng Huang, Mingshu Huang

et al.

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Abstract Current research has described improving multisystem disease and organ function through dietary nitrate (DN) supplementation. They have provided some evidence that these floras with (NO 3 − ) reductase are mediators of the underlying mechanism. Symbiotic bacteria activity (NRA) found in human digestive tract, including mouth, esophagus gastrointestinal tract (GT). Nitrate food can be converted to nitrite under tongue or stomach by symbiotic bacteria. Then, is transformed nitric oxide (NO) non-enzymatic synthesis. NO currently recognized as a potent bioactive agent biological activities, such vasodilation, regulation cardiomyocyte function, neurotransmission, suppression platelet agglutination, prevention vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. also produced conventional l -arginine–NO synthase ( -NOS) pathway, whereas endogenous production -arginine inhibited hypoxia–ischemia conditions. In contrast, exogenous /NO 2 enhanced becomes practical supplemental pathway for body, playing an essential role various physiological activities. Moreover, many diseases (such metabolic geriatric diseases) primarily associated disorders synthesis, generation from route partially alleviate progression. The imbalance body may one potential mechanisms development. Therefore, impact on host systemic health direct ecological balance (e.g., homeostasis, amelioration diseases, etc.). This review summarizes humans, emphasizing relationship between processes this microflora disease. effects reduction were highlighted models different systems, digestive, cardiovascular, endocrine, nervous, respiratory, urinary providing innovative ideas future diagnosis treatment based

Language: Английский

Citations

17