Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18, P. 100522 - 100522

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem class of with the potential self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown EVs, especially those mesenchymal cells, can promote repair regeneration various tissues and, thus, significant in regenerative medicine. However, due to rapid clearance capacity circulatory system, EVs barely able act persistently at specific sites target tissues. Hydrogels good biocompatibility loose porous structural properties allow them serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging retention certain areas slowing release EVs. When needed function sites, EV-loaded hydrogels stand an excellent approach. this review, we first introduce sources, roles, extraction characterization methods describe their current application status. We then review different types discuss factors influencing abilities carry summarize several strategies loading into characterizing hydrogels. Furthermore, applications tissue repair. This article concludes summary state research on outlook future directions, which hope will provide promising ideas researchers.

Language: Английский

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Stimulation by Exosomes from Hypoxia Preconditioned Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Facilitates Mesenchymal Stem Cells Angiogenic Function for Spinal Cord Repair

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 10811 - 10823

Published: July 5, 2022

Revascularization treatment is a critical measure for tissue engineering therapies like spinal cord repair. As multipotent stem cells, mesenchymal cells (MSCs) have proven to regulate the lesion microenvironment through feedback signals. The angiogenic capacities of MSCs been reported be facilitated by vein endothelial in niche. emerging evidence demonstrated roles exosomes cell-cell and cell-microenvironment communications, cope with ischemia complication traumatic injury, study extracts factors stimulate using (EX) derived from hypoxic preconditioned (HPC) human umbilical (HUVEC). HPC hypoxia time segment only 15 min efficiently enhanced function EX facilitating angiogenesis activity. stimulated HPC-EX showed significant tube formation within 2 h, vivo transplantation elicited effective nerve repair after rat transection, which could attributed pro-angiogenic anti-inflammatory impacts MSCs. Through simulation HPC-tailored HUVEC exosomes, results proposed an efficient strategy injury provide inspiration based on exosomes.

Language: Английский

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Hypoxia-stimulated mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded by adhesive hydrogel for effective angiogenic treatment of spinal cord injury

Biomaterials Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1803 - 1811

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Due to the limited efficacy of current clinical treatment strategies, functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a knotty problem be solved. Apart from anti-inflammation and cell replenishing treatments, accumulating evidence implies that promoting angiogenesis would also potentially benefit tissue regeneration SCI. In this research, inspired by role exosomes in cell-cell communication exosomal alteration resulting cells under stress, were engineered through hypoxia stimulation mesenchymal stem proposed as an alternative for SCI therapy. Hypoxia-stimulated (hypo-Exo) transplanted into injured via encapsulation peptide-modified adhesive hydrogel pro-angiogenic therapy The peptide PPFLMLLKGSTR-modified hyaluronic acid replenished cavity caused achieved local delivery exosomes. hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha content hypo-Exo was significantly increased, overexpression vascular endothelial growth surrounding transplant system. Ultimately, prominent demonstrated both vitro vivo, indicating immense potential hydrogel-encapsulated treating central nervous system trauma other ischemia diseases.

Language: Английский

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Porous microneedle patch with sustained delivery of extracellular vesicles mitigates severe spinal cord injury

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 7, 2023

Abstract The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells-derived secretome, particularly extracellular vesicles is a promising therapy to suppress spinal cord injury-triggered neuroinflammation. However, efficient delivery the injured cord, with minimal damage, remains challenge. Here we present device for treat injury. We show that incorporating cells and porous microneedles enables vesicles. demonstrate topical application lesion beneath dura, does not damage lesion. evaluate efficacy our in contusive injury model find it reduces cavity scar tissue formation, promotes angiogenesis, improves survival nearby tissues axons. Importantly, sustained at least 7 days results significant functional recovery. Thus, provides an platform treatment.

Language: Английский

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Human urine-derived stem cell exosomes delivered via injectable GelMA templated hydrogel accelerate bone regeneration

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100569 - 100569

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

The key to critical bone regeneration in tissue engineering relies on an ideal bio-scaffold coated with a controlled release of growth factors. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and Hyaluronic acid (HAMA) have been novel topic interest while introducing appropriate nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) improve its mechanical properties. And the exosomes derived from human urine-derived stem cells (human USCEXOs) also reported promote osteogenesis engineering. present study aimed design new GelMA-HAMA/nHAP composite hydrogel as drug delivery system. USCEXOs were encapsulated slow-released for better osteogenesis. characterization GelMA-based showed excellent performance vitro studies that USCEXOs/GelMA-HAMA/nHAP could marrow mesenchymal (BMSCs) angiogenesis endothelial progenitor (EPCs), respectively. Meanwhile, vivo results confirmed this significantly defect repair cranial rat model. In addition, we found can formation H-type vessels area, enhancing therapeutic effect. conclusion, our findings suggested controllable biocompatible may effectively by coupling angiogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury: Mechanisms, current advances and future challenges

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) has considerable impact on patient physical, mental, and financial health. Secondary SCI is associated with inflammation, vascular destruction, subsequent permanent damage to the nervous system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory properties, promoting regeneration release neuro-nutrients, are a promising strategy for treatment of SCI. Preclinical studies shown that MSCs promote sensory motor function recovery in rats. In clinical trials, been reported improve American Injury Association (ASIA) scores. However, effectiveness treating patients remains controversial. tumorigenesis ensuring survival hostile environment challenging. this article we examine evidence pathophysiological changes occurring after We then review underlying mechanisms summarize potential application practice. Finally, highlight challenges surrounding use discuss future applications.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes as therapeutic and drug delivery vehicle for neurodegenerative diseases

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Aug. 2, 2024

Abstract Neurodegenerative disorders are complex, progressive, and life-threatening. They cause mortality disability for millions of people worldwide. Appropriate treatment neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is still clinically lacking due to the presence blood-brain barrier (BBB). Developing an effective transport system that can cross BBB enhance therapeutic effect neuroprotective agents has been a major challenge NDs. Exosomes endogenous nano-sized vesicles naturally carry biomolecular cargoes. Many studies have indicated exosome content, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), possess biological activities by targeting several signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, oxidative stress. Exosome content influence cellular function healthy or pathological ways. Furthermore, since exosomes reflect features parental cells, their cargoes offer opportunities early diagnosis intervention diseases. unique characteristics make them ideal delivering drugs directly brain. These include ability pass through BBB, biocompatibility, stability, innate properties. This review emphasizes role alleviating NDs discusses associated molecular mechanisms. exosomes, making promising natural transporter various medications brain combat NDs, also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Developing hydrogels for gene therapy and tissue engineering

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract Hydrogels are a class of highly absorbent and easily modified polymer materials suitable for use as slow-release carriers drugs. Gene therapy is specific can overcome the limitations traditional tissue engineering techniques has significant advantages in repair. However, therapeutic genes often affected by cellular barriers enzyme sensitivity, carrier loading essential. Therapeutic gene hydrogels well these difficulties. Moreover, gene-therapeutic have made considerable progress. This review summarizes recent research on treatment damage through summary most current frontiers. We initially introduce classification their cross-linking methods, followed detailed overview types modifications genes, discussion characterization features, design release, an applications engineering. Finally, we provide comments look forward to shortcomings future directions therapy. hope that this article will researchers related fields with more comprehensive systematic strategies repair further promote development field Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Emerging Exosomes and Exosomal MiRNAs in Spinal Cord Injury

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 9, 2021

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious traumatic event to the with considerable morbidity and mortality. This leads short- long-term variations in cord, can have effect on patient's sensory, motor, or autonomic functions. Due complicated pathological process of SCI, there currently no successful clinical treatment strategy. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) double-layer membrane structure 30-150 nm diameter, recently been considered as critical mediators for communication between cells tissues by transferring proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Further studies verified that exosomes participate pathophysiological several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative cardiovascular could significant impact their treatment. As natural carriers biologically active cargos, emerged SCI. In this review article, we critically discuss functions intracellular potential treatments SCI provide an outlook future research.

Language: Английский

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Emerging role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived exosome in neurodegeneration-associated conditions: a groundbreaking cell-free approach

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Abstract Accumulating proofs signify that pleiotropic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are not allied to their differentiation competencies but rather mediated mainly by the releases soluble paracrine mediators, making them a reasonable therapeutic option enable damaged tissue repair. Due unique immunomodulatory and regenerative attributes, MSC-derived exosomes hold great potential treat neurodegeneration-associated neurological diseases. Exosome treatment circumvents drawbacks regarding direct administration MSCs, such as tumor formation or reduced infiltration migration brain tissue. Noteworthy, MSCs-derived can cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) then efficiently deliver cargo (e.g., protein, miRNAs, lipid, mRNA) These biomolecules influence various biological processes survival, proliferation, migration, etc.) in neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes. Various studies have shown systemic local exosome could lead favored outcome animals with disease supporting BBB integrity, eliciting pro-angiogenic effects, attenuating neuroinflammation, promoting neurogenesis vivo. In present review, we will an overview benefits therapy ameliorate pathological symptoms acute chronic neurodegenerative disease. Also, underlying mechanism behind these has been elucidated.

Language: Английский

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