Implication of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Gut Dysbiosis and Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 289 - 289

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

The intestinal mucosal barrier, also referred to as is widely recognized a critical player in gut homeostasis maintenance it ensures the complex crosstalk between microbes (both commensals and pathogens) host immune system. Highly specialized epithelial cells constantly cope with several protective harmful agents maintain multiple physiological functions of barrier well its integrity. However, both genetic defects environmental factors can break such equilibrium, thus promoting dysbiosis, dysregulated immune-inflammatory responses, even development chronic pathological conditions. Here, we review discuss molecular cellular pathways underlying structural functional homeostasis, focusing on potential alterations that may undermine this fine balance.

Language: Английский

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Role of gut microbiota in infectious and inflammatory diseases

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 27, 2023

Thousands of microorganisms compose the human gut microbiota, fighting pathogens in infectious diseases and inhibiting or inducing inflammation different immunological contexts. The microbiome is a dynamic complex ecosystem that helps proliferation, growth, differentiation epithelial immune cells to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Disorders cause alteration this microbiota lead an imbalance host's regulation. Growing evidence supports microbial community associated with development progression inflammatory diseases. Therefore, understanding interaction between modulation system fundamental mechanisms involved pathologies, as well for search new treatments. Here we review main bacteria capable impacting response pathologies discuss by which can alter disease outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Diet fuelling inflammatory bowel diseases: preclinical and clinical concepts

Gut, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(12), P. 2574 - 2586

Published: Sept. 16, 2022

The diet and gut microbiota have been extensively interrogated as a fuel for inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) the last few years. Here, we review how specific nutrients, typically enriched Western diet, instigate or deteriorate experimental genetically susceptible host discuss microbiota-dependent independent mechanisms. We depict study landscape of nutritional trials paediatric adult IBD delineate common grounds dietary advice. Conclusively, reflects critical rheostat microbial dysbiosis IBD. Dietary restriction by exclusive enteral nutrition, with without exclusion is effectively treating Crohn’s disease, while are less conclusive. Insights into molecular mechanisms therapy will change perception allow us to enter era precision nutrition. To achieve this, need carefully designed scientific rigour comparable medical trials, which also requires action from stake holders. Establishing evidence-based does not only hold promise avoid long-term immunosuppression, but provide widely accessible at low cost. Identification culprits disturbing health bears potential prevent allows informed decision making food politics.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Plant Phytochemicals on the Gut Microbiota of Humans for a Balanced Life

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(15), P. 8124 - 8124

Published: July 23, 2022

The gastrointestinal tract of humans is a complex microbial ecosystem known as gut microbiota. microbiota involved in several critical physiological processes such digestion, absorption, and related functions plays crucial role determining the host’s health. habitual consumption specific dietary components can impact beyond their nutritional benefits, altering diversity function could manipulate Phytochemicals are non-nutrient biologically active plant that modify composition microflora through selective stimulation proliferation or inhibition certain communities intestine. Plants secrete these components, they accumulate cell wall sap compartments (body) for development survival. These compounds have low bioavailability long time-retention intestine due to poor resulting beneficial impacts on population. Feeding diets containing phytochemicals animals may offer path improve microbiome improved performance and/or health wellbeing. This review discusses effects modulation environment resultant benefits humans; however, effect also covered, brief.

Language: Английский

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Advances in novel therapeutic approaches for periodontal diseases

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Abstract Periodontal diseases are pathological processes resulting from infections and inflammation affecting the periodontium or tissue surrounding supporting teeth. Pathogenic bacteria living in complex biofilms initiate perpetuate this disease susceptible hosts. In some cases, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy has been a treatment of choice to control bacterial infection. However, increasing resistance among periodontal pathogens become significant challenge when treating diseases. Thanks improved understanding pathogenesis disease, which involves host immune response, importance human microbiome, primary goal shifted, recent years, restoration homeostasis oral microbiota its harmonious balance with tissues. This shift therapeutic goals drug call for alternative approaches that indiscriminately eliminate harmful beneficial bacteria. review, we summarize advancement methods new compounds offer promising potential prevention disease. Agents target biofilm formation, quorum-sensing systems other virulence factors have reviewed. New exciting microbiome approaches, such as replacement probiotic also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1570 - 1570

Published: Aug. 6, 2023

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), originally known as toxic gas, has now attracted attention one of the gasotransmitters involved in many reactions human body. H2S been assumed to play a role pathogenesis chronic diseases, which exact remains unknown. One them is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal subclassified Crohn’s (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Any change amount seems be linked inflammation this illness. These changes can brought about by alterations microbiota, endogenous metabolism diet. As both too little much drive inflammation, balanced level needed for health. The aim review summarize available literature published until June 2023 order provide an overview current knowledge connection between IBD.

Language: Английский

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The need for an integrated multi‐OMICs approach in microbiome science in the food system

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 1082 - 1103

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Microbiome science as an interdisciplinary research field has evolved rapidly over the past two decades, becoming a popular topic not only in scientific community and among general public, but also food industry due to growing demand for microbiome-based technologies that provide added-value solutions. expanded context of systems, strongly driven by methodological advances different -omics fields leverage our understanding microbial diversity function. However, managing integrating complex layers are still challenging. Within Coordinated Support Action MicrobiomeSupport (https://www.microbiomesupport.eu/), project supported European Commission, workshop "Metagenomics, Metaproteomics Metabolomics: need data integration microbiome research" gathered 70 participants from relevant discuss challenges promote switch descriptive studies functional studies, elucidating biology interactive roles microbiomes systems. A combination is proposed. This will reduce biases resulting each individual technology result more comprehensive view biological system whole. Although combinations datasets rare, advanced bioinformatics tools artificial intelligence approaches can contribute understanding, prediction, management microbiome, thereby providing basis improvement quality safety.

Language: Английский

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Progress on the mechanisms of Lactobacillus plantarum to improve intestinal barrier function in ulcerative colitis

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 109505 - 109505

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Networked Interaction between Probiotics and Intestine in Health and Disease: A Promising Success Story

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 194 - 194

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Probiotics are known to promote human health either precautionary in healthy individuals or therapeutically patients suffering from certain ailments. Although this knowledge was empirical past tomes, modern science has already verified it and expanded new limits. These microorganisms can be found nature various foods such as dairy products supplements formulated for clinical preventive use. The current review examines the different mechanisms of action probiotic strains how they interact with organism host. Emphasis is put on therapeutic use these beneficial conditions gastrointestinal tract. Diseases tract particularly any malfunction inflammation intestines seriously compromise whole organism. interaction between host’s microbiota alleviate signs symptoms while some cases, due course, intervene underlying pathology. Various safety issues probiotics also discussed.

Language: Английский

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An integrative multi-omic analysis defines gut microbiota, mycobiota, and metabolic fingerprints in ulcerative colitis patients

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 8, 2024

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that affects the large intestine with superficial mucosal inflammation. A dysbiotic gut microbial profile has been associated UC. Our study aimed to characterize UC bacterial, fungal, and metabolic fingerprints by omic approaches. Methods The 16S rRNA- ITS2-based metataxonomics gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/solid phase microextraction (GC–MS/SPME) metabolomic analysis were performed on stool samples of 53 patients 37 healthy subjects (CTRL). Univariate multivariate approaches applied separated integrated data, define microbiota, mycobiota, signatures in interaction between bacteria fungi was investigated network analysis. Results In cohort, we reported increase Streptococcus , Bifidobacterium Enterobacteriaceae, TM7-3, Granulicatella Peptostreptococcus Lactobacillus Veillonella Enterococcus Peptoniphilus Gemellaceae, phenylethyl alcohol; also decrease Akkermansia ; Ruminococcaceae; Ruminococcus Gemmiger Methanobrevibacter Oscillospira Coprococus Christensenellaceae Clavispora Vishniacozyma Quambalaria hexadecane; cyclopentadecane; 5-hepten-2-ol, 6 methyl; 3-carene; caryophyllene; p-Cresol; 2-butenal; indole, 3-methyl-; 6-methyl-3,5-heptadiene-2-one; 5-octadecene; 5-hepten-2-one, methyl. integration multi-omic data confirmed presence distinctive fingerprint microbiota. Moreover, highlighted bacterial fungal synergistic and/or divergent interkingdom interactions. Conclusion this study, identified intestinal UC-associated biomarkers. Furthermore, evidence relationships ecosystems provides comprehensive perspective dysbiosis ecological interactions microorganisms framework

Language: Английский

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