Journal of Extracellular Vesicles,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7)
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract
Gut
microbiome
dysbiosis
is
a
major
contributing
factor
to
several
pathological
conditions.
However,
the
mechanistic
understanding
of
communication
between
gut
microbiota
and
extra‐intestinal
organs
remains
largely
elusive.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
secreted
by
almost
every
form
life,
including
bacteria,
could
play
critical
role
in
this
inter‐kingdom
crosstalk
are
focus
present
study.
Here,
we
novel
approach
for
isolating
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)+
bacterial
extracellular
(bEV
LPS
)
from
complex
biological
samples,
faeces,
plasma
liver
lean
diet‐induced
obese
(DIO)
mice.
bEV
were
extensively
characterised
using
nanoparticle
tracking
analyses,
immunogold
labelling
coupled
with
transmission
electron
microscopy,
flow
cytometry,
super‐resolution
microscopy
16S
sequencing.
In
tissues,
protein
expressions
TLR4
few
macrophage‐specific
biomarkers
assessed
immunohistochemistry,
gene
inflammation‐related
cytokines
their
receptors
(
n
=
89
genes)
measured
PCR
array.
Faecal
samples
DIO
mice
revealed
remarkably
lower
concentration
total
EVs
but
significantly
higher
percentage
LPS+
EVs.
Interestingly,
faecal
showed
abundance
Proteobacteria
Importantly,
mice,
number
consistently
entered
hepatic
portal
vein
subsequently
reached
liver,
associated
increased
expression
TLR4,
macrophage
markers
(F4/80,
CD86
CD206),
Il1rn
,
Ccr1
Cxcl10
Il2rg
Ccr2
).
Furthermore,
portion
escaped
peripheral
circulation.
conclusion,
be
key
mediator
orchestrating
various
well‐established
effects
induced
bacteria
on
distant
organs.
Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
73(6)
Published: April 25, 2024
Abstract
Pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
(PDAC)
is
an
aggressive
cancer
with
a
highly
immunosuppressive
microenvironment.
This
single-blind,
randomized
study
aimed
to
evaluate
the
synergistic
immunomodulatory
effects
of
synbiotics
(probiotics
and
inulin
prebiotics),
as
well
their
impact
on
postoperative
complications
outcomes,
compared
use
probiotics
alone.
Ninety
patients
diagnosed
PDAC
were
enrolled
randomly
assigned
into
three
groups:
placebo
group,
group
(receiving
mixture
ten
strains
Lactobacillus,
Bifidobacterium,
Streptococcus
bacteria
at
dose
25
billion
CFUs),
(the
same
along
prebiotics).
The
interventions
administered
for
14
days
before
surgery
continued
one
month
postoperatively.
Tumor
tissue
infiltration
CD8
+
T
cells
expression
IFN
γ
assessed
by
immunohistochemistry
(IHC).
Inflammatory
cytokines
concentrations,
including
Il
1
B,
IL
6,
10,
evaluated
ELISA
various
time
points
pre-
postoperative.
Furthermore,
followed
up
after
assess
short-term
outcomes.
Our
results
showed
significant
elevation
cell
proportion
in
(
p
=
0.049,
0.013,
respectively).
gradual
decrease
probiotics-treated
groups
0.000
both).
Administration
significantly
decreased
rate
anastomotic
leakage,
diarrhea,
abdominal
distension
0.032,
0.044,
0.042,
respectively),
remarkable
reduction
bacteremia
group.
These
revealed
that
this
formulation
potentially
enhances
immune
response
reduces
associated
surgery.
Clinical
trial
identification
:
NCT06199752
(27-12-2023)
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 901 - 901
Published: March 15, 2023
Cigarette
smoking
(CS)
or
ambient
particulate
matter
(PM)
exposure
is
a
risk
factor
for
metabolic
disorders,
such
as
insulin
resistance
(IR),
increased
plasma
triglycerides,
hyperglycemia,
and
diabetes
mellitus
(DM);
it
can
also
cause
gut
microbiota
dysbiosis.
In
smokers
with
CS
cessation
decreases
the
risks
of
serious
pulmonary
events,
inflammation,
disorder.
This
review
included
recent
studies
examining
mechanisms
underlying
effects
PM
on
dysbiosis
disorder
development;
one
potential
disruption
lung–gut
axis,
leading
to
dysbiosis,
intestinal
dysfunction,
systemic
disease.
Short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
are
primary
metabolites
bacteria,
which
derived
from
fermentation
dietary
fibers.
They
activate
G-protein-coupled
receptor
(GPCR)
signaling,
suppress
histone
deacetylase
(HDAC)
activity,
inhibit
facilitating
maintenance
health
biofunction.
The
aforementioned
reduces
SCFA
levels.
Treatment
targeting
SCFA/GPCR
signaling
may
alleviate
air
pollution–associated
inflammation
involve
axis
disruption.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(7), P. 6721 - 6721
Published: April 4, 2023
The
use
of
probiotics
has
been
considered
as
a
new
therapy
option
for
ulcerative
colitis
(UC),
and
yeast
recently
received
widespread
recommendation
human
health.
In
this
study,
the
probiotic
characteristics
four
strains,
Saccharomyces
boulardii
CNCMI-745,
Kluyveromyces
marxianus
QHBYC4L2,
cerevisiae
QHNLD8L1,
Debaryomyces
hansenii
QSCLS6L3,
were
evaluated
in
vitro;
their
ability
to
ameliorate
dextran
sulfate
sodium
(DSS)-induced
was
investigated.
Among
these,
S.
QHNLD8L1
protected
against
colitis,
which
reflected
by
increased
body
weight,
colon
length,
histological
injury
relief,
decreased
gut
inflammation
markers,
intestinal
barrier
restoration.
abundance
pathogenic
bacteria
Escherichia-Shigella
Enterococcaceae
mice
with
after
treatment.
Moreover,
enriched
beneficial
Lactobacillus,
Faecalibaculum,
Butyricimonas,
enhanced
carbon
metabolism
fatty
acid
biosynthesis
function,
short
chain
(SCFAs)
production.
Taken
together,
our
results
indicate
great
potential
supplementation
prevention
alleviation
UC.
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(10), P. 1431 - 1431
Published: Oct. 18, 2022
Background:
Tuberculosis
(TB)
is
an
infectious
disease
caused
by
the
bacillus
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
(Mtb).
TB
treatment
based
on
administration
of
three
major
antibiotics:
isoniazid,
rifampicin,
and
pyrazinamide.
However,
multi-drug
resistant
(MDR)
Mtb
strains
are
increasing
around
world,
thus,
allowing
to
spread
world.
The
stringent
response
demonstrated
in
order
survive
under
hostile
circumstances,
even
including
exposure
antibiotics.
mediated
alarmones,
which
regulate
bacterial
replication,
transcription
translation.
Moreover,
cell
wall
contributes
mechanism
antibiotic
resistance
along
with
efflux
pump
activation
biofilm
formation.
Immunity
over
course
managed
M1-macrophages
M2-macrophages,
immune
against
infection,
former
exerting
inflammatory
reactions
latter
promoting
anti-inflammatory
profile.
T
helper
1
cells
via
secretion
interferon
(IFN)-gamma,
play
a
protective
role
TB,
while
regulatory
secreting
interleukin
10,
anti-inflammatory.
Alternative
therapeutic
options
require
further
discussion.
In
view
number
MDR
strains,
attempts
replace
antibiotics
natural
biological
products
have
been
object
intensive
investigation.
Therefore,
this
review
anti-Mtb
effects
exerted
probiotics,
polyphenols,
antimicrobial
peptides
IFN-gamma
will
be
discussed.
All
above
cited
compounds
endowed
either
direct
antibacterial
activity
or
immunomodulating
characteristics.
Journal of Experimental Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 1 - 14
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract:
Acne
vulgaris
is
a
prevalent
dermatological
condition
characterized
by
comedones,
papules,
and
pustules,
with
significant
physical
psychological
implications.
Conventional
treatments
for
this
condition,
including
antibiotics
retinoids,
face
challenges,
such
as
side
effects
antibiotic
resistance,
necessitating
alternative
treatments.
Recent
studies
show
the
potential
of
probiotics
to
modulate
skin
microbiome
alleviate
acne
symptoms.
Therefore,
study
aimed
consolidate
evidence
from
randomized
controlled
trials
(RCTs)
clinical
investigations,
evaluating
efficacy
in
management.
A
comprehensive
literature
search
was
conducted
across
PubMed,
Scopus,
Cochrane
databases
using
several
keywords,
"probiotic",
"microbiome",
"acne
vulgaris".
Inclusion
criteria
are
RCTs
2009
2024
examining
treatment.
Studies
were
selected,
screened,
analyzed
based
on
population,
intervention,
design,
results.
Descriptive
statistics
used
summarize
characteristics.
Fifteen
811
participants
met
inclusion
criteria.
The
tested
various
oral
topical
probiotics,
Lactobacillus,
Bifidobacterium,
Bacillus
,
Enterococcus
strains,
over
treatment
periods
ranging
4
12
weeks.
results
showed
that
reduced
lesions,
improved
barrier
function,
decreased
inflammatory
markers.
Both
balancing
reducing
severity.
Some
reported
outcomes
comparable
conventional
treatments,
benzoyl
peroxide.
However,
there
variability
individual
responses
different
probiotic
effects,
though
rare,
have
been
some
cases.
Probiotics
presented
natural,
effective
future
needed
determine
optimal
protocols.
Keywords:
microbiome,
vulgaris,
bacterial
imbalance,
conditions
