Dietary Recommendations for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1305 - 1305

Published: March 20, 2022

At the beginning of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, global efforts focused on containing spread virus and avoiding contagion. Currently, it is evident that health professionals should deal with overall status COVID-19 survivors. Indeed, novel findings have identified post-COVID-19 syndrome, which characterized by malnutrition, loss fat-free mass, low-grade inflammation. In addition, recovery might be complicated persistent functional impairment (i.e., fatigue muscle weakness, dysphagia, appetite loss, taste/smell alterations) as well psychological distress. Therefore, appropriate evaluation nutritional (assessment dietary intake, anthropometrics, body composition) one pillars in management these patients. On other hand, personalized recommendations represent best strategy to ensure recovery. this review aimed collect available evidence role nutrients their supplementation syndrome provide a practical guideline nutritionists tailor interventions for patients recovering from infections.

Language: Английский

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Infections and Autoimmunity—The Immune System and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3842 - 3842

Published: Sept. 2, 2023

Both 25-autoimmunity and(25(OH)D: calcifediol) and its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D: calcitriol), play critical roles in protecting humans from invasive pathogens, reducing risks of autoimmunity, maintaining health. Conversely, low 25(OH)D status increases susceptibility to infections developing autoimmunity. This systematic review examines vitamin D’s mechanisms effects on enhancing innate acquired immunity against microbes preventing The study evaluated the quality evidence regarding biology, physiology, aspects human health related autoimmunity peer-reviewed journal articles published English. search analyses followed PRISMA guidelines. Data strongly suggested that serum concentrations more than 50 ng/mL is associated with significant risk reduction viral bacterial infections, sepsis, Most adequately powered, well-designed, randomized controlled trials sufficient duration supported substantial benefits D. Virtually all studies failed conclude or were ambiguous had major design errors. Treatment deficiency costs less 0.01% cost investigation worsening comorbidities hypovitaminosis Despite cost-benefits, prevalence remains high worldwide. was clear among those who died COVID-19 2020/21—most severe deficiency. Yet, lack direction agencies insurance companies using as an adjunct therapy astonishing. confirmed keeping individual’s above (125 nmol/L) (and 40 population) reduces community outbreaks, autoimmune disorders. Maintaining such 97.5% people achievable through daily safe sun exposure (except countries far equator during winter) taking between 5000 8000 IU supplements (average dose, for non-obese adults, ~70 90 IU/kg body weight). Those gastrointestinal malabsorption, obesity, medications increase catabolism a few other specific disorders require much higher intake. evaluates non-classical actions D, particular emphasis infection immune system.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D: A Role Also in Long COVID-19?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1625 - 1625

Published: April 13, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly become a global pandemic. Reports from different parts of the world indicate that significant proportion people who have recovered COVID-19 are suffering various health problems collectively referred to as "long COVID-19". Common symptoms include fatigue, shortness breath, cough, joint pain, chest muscle aches, headaches, and so on. Vitamin D is an immunomodulatory hormone with proven efficacy against upper respiratory tract infections. can inhibit hyperinflammatory reactions accelerate healing process in affected areas, especially lung tissue. Moreover, vitamin deficiency been associated severity mortality cases, high prevalence hypovitaminosis found patients acute failure. Thus, there promising reasons promote research into effects supplementation patients. However, no studies date affects post-COVID-19 or biomarkers. Based on this scenario, review aims provide up-to-date overview potential role long current literature topic.

Language: Английский

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A Narrative Review of the Evidence for Variations in Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Thresholds for Optimal Health

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 639 - 639

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

Vitamin D

Language: Английский

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Low-Molecular-Weight Synthetic Antioxidants: Classification, Pharmacological Profile, Effectiveness and Trends

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 638 - 638

Published: March 26, 2022

Mounting research has been performed and published on natural antioxidants, more so than synthetic ones, as key molecules that control oxidative damage its pathway to disease. Since the discovery of vitamins, various fully or natural-identical compounds have developed stable small translated into constantly active completely controlled products which are widely exploited in food pharmaceutical industries. There is currently a debate within literature about their mechanism action, bioavailability, safety real benefit for human health. Using semiquantitative method eligible criteria selection, this review aimed provide very useful classification antioxidants comprehensive cross-disciplinary description 32 approved synthetic/natural-identical terms regulatory, antioxidant issues, pharmacological properties, effectiveness health, timeline future trends. Enriched interpretation data was obtained from summary bibliometrics, portray “good antioxidant” period 1966–2021 and, hopefully, encourage further research.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial peptides with antiviral and anticancer properties and their modification and nanodelivery systems

Current Research in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5, P. 100121 - 100121

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural biopolymers in the host defense system. AMPs display multiple functions against bacterial, fungal, and viral infection, as well anticancer properties. promising antiviral agents. The average size, net charge, hydrophobicity residue percentage of these Peptide Database (APD) 26 amino acids, 3.5 (+), 48 %, respectively. However, pharmacokinetic disadvantages such low proteolytic chemical stability, high cytotoxicity hemolytic activity, salt sensitivity inhibit their clinical application. Given effects on features, circumventing drawbacks improving efficacy critically important for structure acid components can be modified by several methods, including stabilization, hybridization, cyclization, fragmentation, multimerization, alteration conjugation or ligation. Furthermore, nanotechnologies effective tools strategies to improve reduce side effects. For example, melittin-nano its therapeutic minimize nonspecific cytotoxicity. Clinical trials waiting evaluate delivery system novel treatments.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic high-dose vitamin D for vitamin D-deficient severe COVID-19 disease: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (SHADE-S)

Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(2), P. 256 - 266

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Background efficacy of therapeutic cholecalciferol supplementation for severe COVID-19 is sparingly studied. Objective effect single high-dose on sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in moderate-to-severe COVID-19. Methods participants with moderate to PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 200 were randomized 0.6 million IU oral (intervention) or placebo. Outcomes primary outcome was change Day 7 SOFA and pre-specified secondary outcomes 28-day all-cause mortality. Results all, 90 patients (45 each group) included intention-to-treat analysis. 25(OH)D3 levels 12 (10–16) 13 (12–18) ng/ml (P = 0.06) at baseline; 60 (55–65) 4 (1–7) by vitamin D placebo groups, respectively. The better the group [3 (95% CI, 2–5) versus 5 3–7), P 0.01, intergroup difference − 2 −4 −0.01); r 0.4]. A lower mortality [24% compared 44% 0.046)] observed D. Conclusions ICU admission can improve reduce in-hospital D-deficient ClinicalTrials.gov id: NCT04952857 registered dated July 2021. What already known this topic—vitamin has immunomodulatory role. Observational isolated intervention studies show some benefit Targeted not studied RCTs. study adds—high-dose (0.6 Million IU) increase 25(OH)D > 50 safe reduces score, How might affect research, practice policy—vitamin useful may be practiced.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Cholecalciferol Supplementation on the Clinical Features and Inflammatory Markers in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized, Open-Label, Single-Center Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(13), P. 2602 - 2602

Published: June 23, 2022

Recent studies showed that a low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level was associated with higher risk of morbidity and severe course COVID-19. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects cholecalciferol supplementation on clinical features inflammatory markers in patients A serum 25(OH)D determined 311 COVID-19 patients. Among them, 129 were then randomized into two groups similar concomitant medication. Group I (n = 56) received bolus at dose 50,000 IU first eighth days hospitalization. Patients from II 54) did not receive supplementation. We found significant differences between preferential increase Δ ninth day hospitalization (p < 0.001). The negatively number bed (r −0.23, p 0.006); we observe other benefits receiving an oral cholecalciferol. Moreover, I, neutrophil lymphocyte counts significantly 0.04; 0.02), while C-reactive protein lower 0.02). 100,000 cholecalciferol, compared those without supplementation, decrease frequencies CD38++CD27 transitional CD27−CD38+ mature naive B cells 0.006 0.02) CD27−CD38− DN Thus, rise caused by vitamin insufficient deficient may positively affect immune status hence

Language: Английский

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The Immunologic Profile of Vitamin D and Its Role in Different Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Expert Opinion

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 473 - 473

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Historically, vitamin D is recognized as an essential component for the maintenance of musculoskeletal system. The immunomodulatory role in health and disease has gained much interest recent years due to many pathologies that share underlying immunological features where been shown exert a potential role. Evidence from pre-clinical studies show elicits biological effects on both innate adaptive immune systems. Furthermore, vivo have administration can lead changes or development range immune-related diseases. This encourages hypothesis data derived clinical epidemiological connect with incidence severity immune-mediated disorders such rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, infectious Since some other diseases similar viral infection COVID-19, this review, we examined these areas

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D Intake May Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Infection Morbidity in Health Care Workers

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 505 - 505

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

In the last 2 years, observational studies have shown that a low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level affected severity of infection with novel coronavirus (COVID-19). This study aimed to analyze potential effect vitamin supplementation in reducing SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and health care workers. Of 128 workers, 91 (consisting 38 medical doctors (42%), nurses 15 attendants (16%)) were randomized into two groups receiving supplementation. Participants group I (

Language: Английский

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