NF‐κB as a regulator of cancer metastasis and therapy response: A focus on epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 237(7), P. 2770 - 2795

Published: May 13, 2022

Metastasis of tumor cells is a complex challenge and significantly diminishes the overall survival prognosis cancer patients. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) well-known mechanism responsible for invasiveness cells. A number molecular pathways can regulate EMT in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) one them. translocation NF-κB p65 induce transcription several genes involved induction. present review describes interaction their association progression. Due to oncogenic role signaling, its activation enhances metastasis via This has been confirmed various cancers including brain, breast, lung gastric cancers, among others. ZEB1/2, transforming growth factor-β, Slug as inducers undergo upregulation by promote After induction driven NF-κB, significant decrease occurs E-cadherin levels, while N-cadherin vimentin levels an increase. noncoding RNAs potentially also function upstream mediators modulate NF-κB/EMT axis cancers. Moreover, mediating drug resistance Thus, suppressing sensitivity chemotherapeutic agents.

Language: Английский

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The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 2, 2022

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large family of RNA molecules with no capability in encoding proteins. However, they participate developmental and biological processes their abnormal expression affects cancer progression. These can function as upstream mediators different signaling pathways enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is among them. Briefly, EZH2 belongs to PRCs exert functional roles cells due its methyltransferase activity. gene via inducing H3K27me3. In the present review, our aim provide mechanistic discussion ncRNAs role regulating cancers. MiRNAs dually induce/inhibit affect downstream targets such Wnt, STAT3 EMT. Furthermore, miRNAs regulate therapy response affecting signaling. It noteworthy that reduce miRNA by binding promoter exerting Small-interfering (siRNA) short-hairpin (shRNA) synthetic, short capable reducing suppressing LncRNAs mainly targeting miRNAs. lncRNAs induce modulating expression. Circular (CircRNAs), like lncRNAs, areas discussed review focus on molecular leading clinical translation.

Language: Английский

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Caffeic acid and its derivatives as potential modulators of oncogenic molecular pathways: New hope in the fight against cancer

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 171, P. 105759 - 105759

Published: July 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in human cancer: From proliferation and metastasis to therapy

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 106418 - 106418

Published: Aug. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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EMT mechanism in breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance: Revisiting molecular interactions and biological functions

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 113774 - 113774

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

One of the malignant tumors in women that has involved both developed and developing countries is breast cancer. Similar to other types tumors, cancer cells demonstrate high metastatic nature. Besides, tumor have ability drug resistance. EMT related mechanism metastasis focus current manuscript highlighting function malignancy Breast increase their migration by induction During EMT, N-cadherin vimentin levels increase, E-cadherin decrease mediate EMT-induced invasion. Different kinds anti-cancer agents such as tamoxifen, cisplatin paclitaxel mediates chemoresistance feature cells. Furthermore, correlates with radio-resistance tumor. Clinical aspect reversing preventing chemotherapy or radiotherapy failure patients improving survival time. The anti-tumor suppress can be used for decreasing invasion increasing chemosensitivity lncRNAs, miRNAs factors modulate progression are discussed here.

Language: Английский

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(Nano)platforms in bladder cancer therapy: Challenges and opportunities

Bioengineering & Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 8, 2022

Urological cancers are among the most common malignancies around world. In particular, bladder cancer severely threatens human health due to its aggressive and heterogeneous nature. Various therapeutic modalities have been considered for treatment of although prognosis remains unfavorable. It is perceived that depends on an interdisciplinary approach combining biology engineering. The nanotechnological approaches introduced in various cancers, especially cancer. current review aims emphasize highlight possible applications nanomedicine eradication tumor. Nanoparticles can improve efficacy drugs therapy through elevating their bioavailability. potential genetic tools such as siRNA miRNA gene expression regulation be boosted using nanostructures by facilitating internalization accumulation at tumor sites cells. provide photodynamic photothermal ROS overgeneration hyperthermia, respectively, suppression Furthermore, remodeling microenvironment infiltration immune cells purpose immunotherapy achieved cargo-loaded nanocarriers. Nanocarriers mainly internalized endocytosis, proper design smart nanoparticles pH-, redox-, light-responsive nanocarriers importance targeted therapy. Bladder biomarkers detected timely diagnosis patients. Based site, they employed imaging. clinical translation challenges also covered review.

Language: Английский

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Circular RNAs in EMT-driven metastasis regulation: modulation of cancer cell plasticity, tumorigenesis and therapy resistance

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(1)

Published: May 11, 2024

The non-coding RNAs comprise a large part of human genome lack capacity in encoding functional proteins. Among various members RNAs, the circular (circRNAs) have been importance pathogenesis diseases, especially cancer. circRNAs unique closed loop structure and due to their stability, they are potential diagnostic prognostic factors increasing evidences highlighted role modulation proliferation metastasis cancer cells. On other hand, has responsible for up 90% cancer-related deaths patients, requiring more investigation regarding underlying mechanisms modulating this mechanism. EMT enhances invasion tumor cells, can trigger resistance therapy. cells demonstrate dynamic changes during including transformation from epithelial phenotype into mesenchymal increase N-cadherin vimentin levels. process is reversible its reprogramming disrupt progression aim current review understanding interaction cancers such beyond regulation affect response chemotherapy radiotherapy. onco-suppressor inhibit EMT, while tumor-promoting mediate acceleration carcinogenesis. Moreover, EMT-inducing transcription be controlled by different tumors.

Language: Английский

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Chitosan‐based nanoscale systems for doxorubicin delivery: Exploring biomedical application in cancer therapy

Bioengineering & Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Green chemistry has been a growing multidisciplinary field in recent years showing great promise biomedical applications, especially for cancer therapy. Chitosan (CS) is an abundant biopolymer derived from chitin and present insects fungi. This polysaccharide favorable characteristics, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of modification by enzymes chemicals. CS-based nanoparticles (CS-NPs) have shown potential the treatment other diseases, affording targeted delivery overcoming drug resistance. The current review emphasizes on application CS-NPs chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin (DOX), therapy as they promote internalization DOX cells prevent activity P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to reverse These nanoarchitectures can provide co-delivery with antitumor agents such curcumin cisplatin induce synergistic Furthermore, co-loading siRNA, shRNA, miRNA suppress tumor progression chemosensitivity. Various nanostructures, lipid-, carbon-, polymeric- metal-based nanoparticles, are modifiable CS delivery, while functionalization ligands hyaluronic acid promotes selectivity toward prevents demonstrate high encapsulation efficiency due protonation amine groups CS, pH-sensitive release occur. redox- light-responsive prepared treatment. Leveraging these characteristics view biocompatibility CS-NPs, we expect soon see significant progress towards clinical translation.

Language: Английский

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The role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers: A review

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 316, P. 121340 - 121340

Published: Dec. 28, 2022

Language: Английский

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Targeting of cancer cell death mechanisms by curcumin: Implications to cancer therapy

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 129(6), P. 397 - 415

Published: Sept. 2, 2021

Cancer is known as a second major cause of death globally. Nowadays, several modalities have been developed for the treatment cancer. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are most common in countries. However, newer such immunotherapy targeted therapy drugs can kill cancer cells with minimal side effects. All anticancer agents work based on killing cells. Numerous studies ongoing to more effectively without increasing effects normal tissues. The combination low toxic interesting this aim. Curcumin one herbal that has shown properties. It regulate immune system responses against Furthermore, curcumin potentiate cell signalling pathways attenuate survival knowledge how induces cancers improve therapeutic efficiency. In review, regulatory different mechanisms their will be discussed. we explain may other or radiotherapy through modulation apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagy ferroptosis.

Language: Английский

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