Flavonoids: Their putative neurologic roles, epigenetic changes, and gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson’s disease

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 115788 - 115788

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the degeneration of progressive dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra region human midbrain. Although just what causes PD remains mystery, it known that oxidative stress (OS) as well mitochondrial dysfunction, neuro-inflammation, and insufficient neurotrophic support play role disease's pathophysiology. Phytochemicals are diverse small molecule group derived from plants can be classified into numerous classes on basis their biological activities chemical structure. Of these groups phytochemicals, most abundant, which has well-established anti-Parkinson's effects, polyphenols. Flavonoids, including naringin naringenin, genistein, kaempferol, anthocyanins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, baicalein plant-based biologically active polyphenols, have been shown to exhibit therapeutic potential when used treatment for variety pathological illnesses, such diseases (NDs) PD. Recently, was reported flavonoids beneficial effects PD, protection DA neurons, improvement motor cognitive abilities, regulation signaling pathways, modulation OS neuro-inflammation. In addition, changing composition bacteria gut microbiota, reduce pathogenic strains promote growth strains. this context, current paper will provide literature review neurological roles play, one abundant phytochemical families,

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol regulates inflammation and improves oxidative stress via Nrf2 signaling pathway: Therapeutic and biotechnological prospects

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 1590 - 1605

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Abstract Usually, in aerobic metabolism, natural materials including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids can experience auxiliary injury by oxidative responses. This damage produced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species has been identified as “oxidative stress.” As a polyphenol got from red wine peanuts, resveratrol is one of the most eminent anti‐aging mixtures. Based on many studies', hinders destructive effects inflammatory causes oxygen radicals several tissues. The nuclear erythroid 2‐related factor 2 related to transcription with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant possessions which complicated enzyme biotransformation biosynthesis carbohydrates. review provides current understanding information about character against stress regulation inflammation via Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Language: Английский

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Kaempferol: Paving the path for advanced treatments in aging-related diseases

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 188, P. 112389 - 112389

Published: March 8, 2024

Aging-related diseases (ARDs) are a major global health concern, and the development of effective therapies is urgently needed. Kaempferol, flavonoid found in several plants, has emerged as promising candidate for ameliorating ARDs. This comprehensive review examines Kaempferol's chemical properties, safety profile, pharmacokinetics, highlights its potential therapeutic utility against underpinned by distinctive structure, which confers antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties. Kaempferol counteracts reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulates crucial cellular pathways, thereby combating oxidative stress inflammation, hallmarks low toxicity wide margins, demonstrated preclinical clinical studies, further substantiate potential. Compelling evidence supports substantial addressing ARDs through mechanisms, notably anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic actions. exhibits versatile neuroprotective effect modulating various proinflammatory signaling including NF-kB, p38MAPK, AKT, β-catenin cascade. Additionally, it hinders formation aggregation beta-amyloid protein regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factors. In terms anticancer potential, kaempferol acts diverse inducing apoptosis, arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase, suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers, affecting phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathways. Subsequent studies should focus on refining dosage regimens, exploring innovative delivery systems, conducting trials to translate these findings into applications.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals and Their Usefulness in the Maintenance of Health

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 523 - 523

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Inflammation is the immune system’s first biological response to infection, injury, or irritation. Evidence suggests that anti-inflammatory effect mediated by regulation of various inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha-α, interferon gamma-γ, well non-cytokine mediator, prostaglandin E2. Currently, mechanism action and clinical usefulness phytochemicals known; their on activity free radicals, oxidative stress. The latter are great relevance in development diseases, evidence collected demonstrates beneficial effects maintaining health. Epidemiological indicates regular consumption fruits vegetables related a low risk developing cancer other chronic diseases.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals and Gastrointestinal Cancer: Cellular Mechanisms and Effects to Change Cancer Progression

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 105 - 105

Published: Jan. 8, 2020

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a prevailing global health disease with high incidence rate which varies by region. It huge economic burden on care providers. GI affects different organs in the body such as gastric organs, colon, esophagus, intestine, and pancreas. Internal external factors like smoking, obesity, urbanization, genetic mutations, prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Hepatitis B C viral infections could increase risk cancer. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive bioactive secondary compounds abundantly found fruits, grains, vegetables. Consumption phytochemicals may protect against chronic diseases cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative Multiple studies have assessed chemoprotective effect selected cancer, offering support to their potential towards reducing pathogenesis disease. The aim this review was summarize current knowledge addressing anti-cancerous effects dietary molecular activities mechanisms, i.e., nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer activated cells (NF-κB), detoxification enzymes, adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK), wingless-related integration site/β-catenin (wingless-related site (Wnt) β-catenin, cell apoptosis, phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/ AKT/ mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated (MAPK). In were classified into four main categories: (i) carotenoids, including lutein, lycopene, β-carotene; (ii) proanthocyanidins, quercetin ellagic acid; (iii) organosulfur compounds, allicin, allyl propyl disulphide, asparagusic acid, sulforaphane; (iv) other pectin, curcumins, p-coumaric acid ferulic acid. Overall, improve prognosis through downregulation β-catenin phosphorylation, therefore enhancing upregulation AMPK pathway, supports cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, more needed provide better understanding mechanism treatment using possible side associated approach.

Language: Английский

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Physiologically Active Molecules and Functional Properties of Soybeans in Human Health—A Current Perspective

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 4054 - 4054

Published: April 14, 2021

In addition to providing nutrients, food can help prevent and treat certain diseases. particular, research on soy products has increased dramatically following their emergence as functional foods capable of improving blood circulation intestinal regulation. nutritional value, soybeans contain specific phytochemical substances that promote health are a source dietary fiber, phospholipids, isoflavones (e.g., genistein daidzein), phenolic acids, saponins, phytic acid, while serving trypsin inhibitor. These individual have demonstrated effectiveness in preventing chronic diseases, such arteriosclerosis, cardiac diabetes, senile dementia, well treating cancer suppressing osteoporosis. Furthermore, soybean affect fibrinolytic activity, control pressure, improve lipid metabolism, eliciting antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial effects. this review, rather than the established studies reported qualities soybeans, we intend examine physiological activities recently been studied confirm potential high-functional, well-being food.

Language: Английский

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Lycopene exerts anti-inflammatory effect to inhibit prostate cancer progression

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 80 - 80

Published: Sept. 7, 2018

Lycopene is a natural compound that alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation, exerting therapeutic effects in number of cancers. The aim this study to investigate the efficacy lycopene inhibiting prostate cancer. Cell viability assays indicated dose- time-dependent toxicity cancer cells. Annexin V/propidium iodide double-staining revealed strong apoptotic lycopene. levels inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1 (IL1), IL6, IL8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), lycopene-treated cells were also reduced by treatment. With increasing dose lycopene, survival mice bearing xenografts was significantly improved (P < 0.01), burden 0.01). Our results indicate promising chemotherapy drug, which inhibits progression suppressing response.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols as promising biologically active substances for preventing SARS-CoV-2: A review with research evidence and underlying mechanisms

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 40, P. 100891 - 100891

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

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Frailty as a phenotypic manifestation of underlying oxidative stress

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 149, P. 72 - 77

Published: Aug. 15, 2019

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the aging process. Lifestyle behaviours including low physical activity and inadequate nutritional habits addition to genetic susceptibility some chronic diseases compromise physiological response free radicals promote oxidative damage. Reduced resilience (referred ability respond stressors or adverse conditions) functional reserve isolated organs systems determines clinical manifestations as age-related while multisystemic dysfunction results frailty phenotype. In older adults, frailty, but not age, is associated with elevation of markers reduction antioxidant parameters. Mitochondrial related prominent this process affecting only skeletal muscle also other potential tissues organs. Increasing endogenous capacity different by exercise outstand among therapeutic interventions prevent delay phenotype healthy aging.

Language: Английский

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Natural Compounds and Autophagy: Allies Against Neurodegeneration

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Sept. 22, 2020

Prolonging the healthy life span and limiting neurological illness are imperative goals in gerontology. Age-related neurodegeneration is progressive leads to severe diseases affecting motility, memory, cognitive function, social life. To date, no effective treatments available for irreversible neuronal loss. Bioactive phytochemicals could represent a natural alternative ensure active aging slow onset of neurodegenerative elderly patients. Autophagy or macroautophagy an evolutionarily conserved clearing process that needed remove aggregate-prone proteins organelles neurons glia. It also crucial synaptic plasticity. Aberrant autophagy has key role neurodegeneration. Recent evidence indicates polyphenols like resveratrol curcumin, flavonoids, quercetin, polyamine, spermidine sugars, trehalose, limit brain damage vitro vivo. Their common mechanism action restoration efficient by dismantling misfolded dysfunctional mitochondria. This review focuses on dietary as modulators fight Alzheimer's Parkinson's diseases, fronto-temporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, psychiatric disorders. Currently, most studies have involved preclinical animal models, therapeutic use patients remains limited.

Language: Английский

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