Nature-inspired micropatterns

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bone cell response to additively manufactured 3D micro-architectures with controlled Poisson's ratio: Auxetic vs. non-auxetic meta-biomaterials

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 228 - 242

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

The Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus are two parameters determining the behavior of biomaterials. While effects on cell response is widely studied, very little known regarding ratio. micro-architecture meta-biomaterials determines not only but also several other that influence response, such as porosity, pore size, effective modulus. It is, therefore, challenging to isolate from those micro-architectural parameters. Here, we computationally design with controlled ratios, ranging between -0.74 +0.74, while maintaining consistent 3D were additively manufactured at micro-scale using two-photon polymerization (2PP), mechanically evaluated meso‑scale. murine preosteoblasts these was then studied in vitro culture models. Meta-biomaterials positive ratios resulted higher metabolic activity than negative values. cells could attach infiltrate all bottom top, fully covering scaffolds after 17 days culture. Interestingly, exhibited different cell-induced deformations (e.g., shrinkage or local bending) observed via scanning electron microscopy. outcomes osteogenic differentiation (i.e., Runx2 immunofluorescent staining) matrix mineralization Alizarin red assays indicated significant potential impact field bone tissue engineering, paving way for development advanced meta-implants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We meta-biomaterials. well-studied, ratio, especially values found architected biomaterials, remains largely unexplored. complexity arises intertwined parameters, porosity modulus, making it To overcome this limitation, study employed rational computational create alongside size. reveals polymerized displayed activity, developed supported well mineralization. pave models

Language: Английский

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Shaping the Neurovascular Unit Exploiting Human Brain Organoids

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(9), P. 6642 - 6657

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Brain organoids, three-dimensional cell structures derived from pluripotent stem cells, closely mimic key aspects of the human brain in vitro , providing a powerful tool for studying neurodevelopment and disease. The neuroectodermal induction protocol employed organoid generation primarily gives rise to neural cellular component but lacks vital vascular system, which is crucial functions by regulating differentiation, migration, circuit formation, as well delivering oxygen nutrients. Many neurological diseases are caused dysfunctions cerebral microcirculation, making vascularization organoids an important pathogenetic translational research. Experimentally, creation vascularized has focused on fusion transplantation vivo use microfluidic devices replicate intricate microenvironment . This review summarizes these efforts highlights importance neurovascular unit forward-looking perspective leveraging their understanding treating disorders. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Suppression of auto-fluorescence from high-resolution 3D polymeric architectures fabricated via two-photon polymerization for cell biology applications

Micro and Nano Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100188 - 100188

Published: April 11, 2023

Two-photon polymerization (2PP) has provided the field of cell biology with opportunity to fabricate precisely designed microscaffolds for a wide range studies, from mechanobiology in vitro disease modelling. However, multitude commercial and in-house developed photosensitive materials employed 2PP suffers high auto-fluorescence multiple regions spectrum. In context biological this is major problem since one main methods characterization fluorescence microscopy immuno-stained cells. This undesired affects efficiency such an analysis as it often overlaps fluorescent signals stained cells rendering them indistinguishable scaffolds. Here, we propose two effective solutions suppress compare determine superiority over other: photo-bleaching powerful UV point source quenching via Sudan Black B (SBB). The used study were all commercially available, namely IP-L, IP-Dip, IP-S, IP-PDMS. Bleaching was shown be 61.7–92.5% reducing depending on material. On other hand, SBB 33–95.4% effective. worst result presence (33%) combination IP-PDMS adsorption material not sufficient fully quench auto-fluorescence. reduction significantly enhanced when activating structures oxygen plasma 30 s. Moreover, performed culture assay using human neuroblastoma line (SH-SY5Y) prove effectiveness both immunofluorescence characterization. presented lower performance especially 2PP-fabricated microchannels microcages, within which differentiated SH-SY5Y migrated extended their axon-like processes, obstructed Therefore, concluded that optimal way suppression. summary, provides systematic comparison answer most pressing issues applied paves more efficient cultured engineered microenvironments.

Language: Английский

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Microenvironments Matter: Advances in Brain-on-Chip

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 551 - 551

Published: May 16, 2023

To highlight the particular needs with respect to modeling unique and complex organization of human brain structure, we reviewed state-of-the-art in devising models engineered instructive microenvironments. acquire a better perspective on brain’s working mechanisms, first summarize importance regional stiffness gradients tissue, varying per layer cellular diversities layers. Through this, one can an understanding essential parameters emulating vitro. In addition organizational architecture, addressed also how mechanical properties have impact neuronal cell responses. this respect, advanced vitro platforms emerged profoundly changed methods efforts from past, mainly focusing animal or line research. The main challenges imitating features dish are regard composition functionality. neurobiological research, there now that aim cope such by self-assembly human-derived pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), i.e., brainoids. Alternatively, these brainoids be used stand-alone conjunction Brain-on-Chip (BoC) platform technology, 3D-printed gels, other types guidance features. Currently, made giant leap forward regarding cost-effectiveness, ease-of-use, availability. We bring recent developments together into review. believe our conclusions will give novel towards advancing microenvironments for BoCs functions either healthy diseased states brain.

Language: Английский

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Micro/nano-patterns for enhancing differentiation of human neural stem cells and fabrication of nerve conduits via soft lithography and 3D printing

Biomaterials Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 213653 - 213653

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

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Micro‐Vessels‐Like 3D Scaffolds for Studying the Proton Radiobiology of Glioblastoma‐Endothelial Cells Co‐Culture Models

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6)

Published: Nov. 10, 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a devastating cancer of the brain with an extremely poor prognosis. While X-ray radiotherapy and chemotherapy remain current standard, proton beam therapy appealing alternative as protons can damage cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissue. However, effects on in vitro GBM models at cellular level, especially when co-cultured endothelial cells, building blocks micro-vessels, are still unexplored. In this work, novel 3D-engineered scaffolds inspired by geometry microvasculature designed, where cluster proliferate. The architectures fabricated two-photon polymerization (2PP), pre-cultured (HUVECs), then cultured human cell line (U251). micro-vessel structures enable vivo-like morphologies, results show higher DNA double-strand breakage monoculture samples compared to U251/HUVECs co-culture, 2D featuring larger number foci 3D. discrepancy terms radiation response indicates difference radioresistance mediated presence HUVECs possible induction stemness features that contribute improved repair.

Language: Английский

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Micro 3D Printing Elastomeric IP-PDMS Using Two-Photon Polymerisation: A Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Feature Resolution Properties

Polymers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1816 - 1816

Published: April 7, 2023

The mechanical properties of two-photon-polymerised (2PP) polymers are highly dependent on the employed printing parameters. In particular, features elastomeric polymers, such as IP-PDMS, important for cell culture studies they can influence mechanobiological responses. Herein, we optical-interferometer-based nanoindentation to characterise structures manufactured with varying laser powers, scan speeds, slicing distances, and hatching distances. minimum reported effective Young's modulus (YM) was 350 kPa, while maximum one 17.8 MPa. addition, showed that, average, immersion in water lowered YM by 5.4%, a very point context biology applications, material must be within an aqueous environment. We also developed strategy performed scanning electron microscopy morphological characterisation find smallest achievable feature size length double-clamped freestanding beam. printed beam 70 µm width 1.46 ± 0.11 thickness 4.49 0.05 µm. 1.03 0.02 achieved 50 height 3.00 0.06 conclusion, investigation micron-scale two-photon-polymerized 3D IP-PDMS featuring tuneable paves way use this several ranging from fundamental mechanobiology vitro disease modelling tissue engineering.

Language: Английский

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Emerging hydrogel therapies for translating brain disease: Materials, mechanisms, and recent research

Materials Today Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 100490 - 100490

Published: April 10, 2024

Brain diseases, encompassing neurodegenerative disorders, strokes, and brain tumors, represent significant medical conditions with profound implications for human health. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) the blood-cerebral-spinal cord (BCSFB) limited drug penetration, poor targeting, proliferation easy death of mature neuronal cells greatly impair regeneration central nervous system after injury, thus call more advanced therapeutic strategies in clinic. Biomedical hydrogel research presents a potentially novel approach management disorders. Hydrogels are extremely biocompatible scaffolding materials that can be loaded variety drugs achieving effective treatments disorders customized different mechanical properties to match target organ or modulate its environment. This article offers an overview recent progress, challenges, prospective developments utilization hydrogels treating objective accentuating their potential as early intervention preclinical phase. unique mechanisms release examined detail: extended-release medications, environmental drugs, material's own activity. An understanding these helps make delivery systems possible.

Language: Английский

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Engineered Cell Microenvironments: A Benchmark Tool for Radiobiology

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The development of engineered cell microenvironments for fundamental mechanobiology, in vitro disease modeling, and tissue engineering applications increased exponentially during the last two decades. In such context, radiobiology is a field research aiming at understanding effects ionizing radiation (e.g., X-rays/photons, high-speed electrons, protons) on biological (cancerous) tissues cells, particular terms DNA damage leading to death. Herein, perspective provides comparative assessment overview scaffold-free, scaffold-based, organ-on-a-chip models radiobiology, highlighting opportunities, limitations, future pathways improve currently existing approaches toward personalized cancer medicine.

Language: Английский

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