Guts Imbalance Imbalances the Brain: A Review of Gut Microbiota Association With Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: March 31, 2022

Over the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in relationship between gut microbiota, brain, and neurologic-associated affections. As multiple preclinical clinical research studies highlight microbiota’s potential to modulate general state of health state, it goes without saying that microbiota plays significant role neurogenesis, mental cognitive development, emotions, behaviors, progression neuropsychiatric illnesses. Gut produces important biologic products that, through gut-brain axis, are directly connected with appearance evolution neurological psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s dementia, sclerosis, epilepsy. This study reviews recent on link microbiome’s shaping development most common Moreover, special attention is paid use probiotic formulations non-invasive therapeutic opportunity for prevention management neuropsychiatric-associated

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 671 - 686

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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B Vitamins and Their Roles in Gut Health

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 1168 - 1168

Published: June 7, 2022

B vitamins act as coenzymes in a myriad of cellular reactions. These include energy production, methyl donor generation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and immune functions. Due to the ubiquitous roles these vitamins, their deficiencies significantly affect host's metabolism. Recently, novel homeostasis gut microbial ecology intestinal health continue be unravelled. This review focuses on functional biosynthesis how influence growth proliferation microbiota. We have identified bacteria that can produce biosynthetic mechanisms are presented. The effects vitamin morphology, inflammation, its disorders also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols in Health and Disease: Gut Microbiota, Bioaccessibility, and Bioavailability

Compounds, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 40 - 72

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Polyphenolic compounds (PC) are among the most abundant secondary metabolites in nature. They widely distributed world and can be found fruits, cereals, tea, coffee, beverages. Due to their structural diversity, polyphenols have many different properties biological effects. resistant acid of gastric tract, very few hydrolysed or absorbed stomach. Significant portions ingested reach large intestine interact with local bacteria, so-called gut microbiota. Epidemiological studies confirm that moderate prolonged intake foods rich could prevent development cancer chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, type 2 diabetes, obesity. The current work aims provide an updated overview on nature occurrence polyphenols, quantification methods, bioaccessibility bioavailability, impact human health, namely through interactions

Language: Английский

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Elucidating the role of diet in maintaining gut health to reduce the risk of obesity, cardiovascular and other age-related inflammatory diseases: recent challenges and future recommendations

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

A healthy balanced diet is crucial in protecting the immune system against infections and diseases. Poor diets, such as Western diet, contribute to development of metabolic diseases, hypertension, obesity. Microbiota, primarily composed different microorganisms residing gastrointestinal tract (GIT), also play a significant role maintaining gut health. Polyphenols probiotics found fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds promote health support growth beneficial bacteria. Different types their categories, impact on are mentioned. The relationship between health, risk developing obesity, cardiovascular inflammatory diseases discussed this review article. rationale behind concludes future recommendations for reducing occurrence cardiometabolic other There need standardized research methods, long-term studies, translating scientific knowledge into practical dietary recommendations.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidants of Fruit Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents against Pathogenic Bacteria

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 602 - 602

Published: March 21, 2022

Fruit is an essential part of the human diet and great interest because its richness in phytochemicals. Various fruit extracts from citrus, berries pomegranates have been shown to possess a broad spectrum medicinal properties. phytochemicals are considerable their antioxidant properties involving different mechanisms action, which can act against pathogenic bacteria. The capacity involves kinds reactions, such as radical scavenging chelation or complexation metal ions. interaction between bacteria has repercussions: it disrupts cell envelope, disturbs cell-cell communication gene regulation, suppresses metabolic enzymatic activities. Consequently, directly inhibit bacterial growth indirectly by modulating expression virulence factors, both reduce microbial pathogenicity. aim this review was report our current knowledge on various major bioactive compounds, determine effectiveness organic acids, terpenes, polyphenols, other types phenolic compounds with source antimicrobial agents.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Plant Phytochemicals on the Gut Microbiota of Humans for a Balanced Life

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(15), P. 8124 - 8124

Published: July 23, 2022

The gastrointestinal tract of humans is a complex microbial ecosystem known as gut microbiota. microbiota involved in several critical physiological processes such digestion, absorption, and related functions plays crucial role determining the host’s health. habitual consumption specific dietary components can impact beyond their nutritional benefits, altering diversity function could manipulate Phytochemicals are non-nutrient biologically active plant that modify composition microflora through selective stimulation proliferation or inhibition certain communities intestine. Plants secrete these components, they accumulate cell wall sap compartments (body) for development survival. These compounds have low bioavailability long time-retention intestine due to poor resulting beneficial impacts on population. Feeding diets containing phytochemicals animals may offer path improve microbiome improved performance and/or health wellbeing. This review discusses effects modulation environment resultant benefits humans; however, effect also covered, brief.

Language: Английский

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Coffee Chlorogenic Acids Incorporation for Bioactivity Enhancement of Foods: A Review

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 3400 - 3400

Published: May 25, 2022

The demand of foods with high antioxidant capacity have increased and research on these continues to grow. This review is focused chlorogenic acids (CGAs) from green coffee, which the most abundant source. main CGA in coffee 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA). Coffee extracts are currently widely used source enhance activity foods. Due solubility CGAs, their extraction mainly performed organic solvents. CGAs been associated health benefits, such as antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity, others that reduce risk cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease. However, biological activities depend stability sensitive pH, temperature, light. 5-CQA attributed reducing proinflammatory cytokines. can negatively affect colon microbiota. An increase anthocyanins was observed when were added different food matrices dairy products, drinks, chocolate, bakery products. fortification has potential improve functionality

Language: Английский

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Oral polyphenol-armored nanomedicine for targeted modulation of gut microbiota–brain interactions in colitis

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(21)

Published: May 26, 2023

Developing oral nanomedicines that suppress intestinal inflammation while modulating gut microbiota and brain interactions is essential for effectively treating inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we report an polyphenol-armored nanomedicine based on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-small interfering RNA gallic acid-mediated graphene quantum dot (GAGQD)-encapsulated bovine serum albumin nanoparticle, with a chitosan tannin acid (CHI/TA) multilayer. Referred to "armor," the CHI/TA multilayer resists harsh environment of gastrointestinal tract adheres inflamed colon sites in targeted manner. TA provides antioxidative stress prebiotic activities modulate diverse microbiota. Moreover, GAGQD protected TNF-α-siRNA delivery. Unexpectedly, armored suppressed hyperactive immune responses modulated bacterial homeostasis mouse model acute colitis. Notably, alleviated anxiety- depression-like behaviors cognitive impairment mice This armor strategy sheds light effect microbiome-brain interactions.

Language: Английский

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