The microbiota–gut–brain axis and neurodevelopmental disorders

Protein & Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 762 - 775

Published: May 11, 2023

Abstract The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through microbiota–gut–brain axis, regulating various physiological processes. In recent years, impacts of on neurodevelopment this axis have increasingly appreciated. is commonly considered regulate three pathways, immune pathway, neuronal and endocrine/systemic overlaps crosstalks in between. Accumulating studies identified role neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity Rett Syndrome. Numerous researchers examined pathophysiological mechanisms influenced by (NDDs). This review aims provide a comprehensive overview advancements research pertaining microbiota-gut-brain NDDs. Furthermore, we analyzed both current state progress discuss future perspectives field.

Language: Английский

---

Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9577 - 9577

Published: May 31, 2023

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in body and has potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, diverse overall health. When becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, ageing, this profound effect on our health linked many diseases, including metabolic inflammatory neurological diseases. While humans largely association dysbiosis with disease, animal models, causative can be demonstrated. brain particularly important maintaining health, strong neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental This suggests that microbiota composition used make early diagnosis diseases modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis might present therapeutic target for have proved intractable, aim altering trajectory such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity among others. other potentially reversible migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, long COVID, which considered models therapy disease. role traditional methods microbiome, well newer, more novel treatments faecal transplants photobiomodulation, are discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging role of the host microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders: overview and future directions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 3625 - 3637

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly focusing on potential association between microbiota various neuropsychiatric disorders. resides in parts body, such oral cavity, nasal passages, lungs, gut, skin, bladder, vagina. gut gastrointestinal tract has received particular attention due to its high abundance role psychiatric neurodegenerative However, presents other tissues, though less abundant, also plays crucial immune system homeostasis, thus influencing development progression For example, imbalance associated periodontitis might increase risk for Additionally, studies using postmortem brain samples have detected widespread presence bacteria brains patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This article provides an overview emerging host disorders discusses future directions, underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers microbiota, microbiota-targeted interventions, this field.

Language: Английский

---

The One Health Concept

British Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

The concept of One Health has been developed as the appreciation that human health is intricately connected to those other animals and environment they inhabit. In recent years, COVID-19 pandemic noticeable effects climate change have encouraged national international cooperation apply strategies address key issues welfare. United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals established targets for wellbeing, clean water sanitation, action, well sustainability in marine terrestrial ecosystems. Quadripartite comprises World Organization (WHO), Animal (WOAH—formerly OIE), Food Agriculture (FAO) Environment Programme (UNEP). There are six areas focus which Laboratory services, Control zoonotic diseases, Neglected tropical Antimicrobial resistance, safety Environmental health. This article discusses by considering examples infectious diseases environmental under each headings. Biomedical Scientists, Clinical Scientists their colleagues working diagnostic research laboratories a role play applying approach healthcare 21st Century.

Language: Английский

---

A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

---

A Comprehensive Review of the Triangular Relationship among Diet–Gut Microbiota–Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 9366 - 9366

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

The human gastrointestinal tract hosts a complex and dynamic community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiota, which play pivotal role in numerous physiological processes, including digestion, metabolism, immune function. Recent research has highlighted significant impact diet on microbiota composition functionality, consequential effects host health. Concurrently, there is growing evidence linking to inflammation, key factor many chronic diseases such inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular (CVDs). This review explores how dietary components influence composition, these microbial changes affect pathways, therapeutic implications modulating this axis for prevention management. Beneficial patterns, Mediterranean (MD) plant-based diets, promote diverse balanced supporting anti-inflammatory pathways. Conversely, Western (WD), high saturated fats refined sugars, associated with dysbiosis increased inflammation. With all links between three variables considered, attempts offer thorough examination triangle formed by food.

Language: Английский

---

Dangers of the chronic stress response in the context of the microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis and mental health: a narrative review

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 2, 2024

More than 20% of American adults live with a mental disorder, many whom are treatment resistant or continue to experience symptoms. Other approaches needed improve health care, including prevention. The role the microbiome has emerged as central tenet in and physical their interconnectedness (well-being). Under normal conditions, healthy promotes homeostasis within host by maintaining intestinal brain barrier integrity, thereby facilitating well-being. Owing multidirectional crosstalk between neuro-endocrine-immune systems, dysbiosis is main driver immune-mediated systemic neural inflammation that can promote disease progression detrimental well-being broadly particular. In predisposed individuals, immune dysregulation shift autoimmunity, especially presence psychological triggers. chronic stress response involves system, which intimately involved gut microbiome, particularly process education. This interconnection forms microbiota-gut-immune-brain axis disorders. this brief review, we aim highlight relationships stress, health, along ways dysregulated system an autoimmune concomitant neuropsychological consequences context axis. Finally, review evidenced-based prevention strategies potential therapeutic targets.

Language: Английский

---

Gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiome, probiotics and prebiotics in anorexia nervosa: A review of mechanistic rationale and clinical evidence

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 105959 - 105959

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Recent research has revealed the pivotal role that gut microbiota might play in psychiatric disorders. In anorexia nervosa (AN), may be involved pathophysiology as well gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms commonly experienced. This review collates evidence for potential of AN, including modulation immune system, gut-brain axis and GI function. We examined studies comparing AN with healthy controls those looking at modifications nutritional treatment. Changes energy intake composition influence a evolution microbial picture AN. Additionally, some indicates pre-morbid risk developing There appear to similarities composition, mechanisms interaction experienced other disorders such inflammatory bowel disease functional Probiotics prebiotics have been studied these showing therapeutic effects probiotics cases. exists benefits depression anxiety, seen co-morbidities Moreover, preliminary use shown positive on modulation. Based findings, we discuss ameliorating

Language: Английский

---

The Impact of Food Additives on the Abundance and Composition of Gut Microbiota

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 631 - 631

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The gut microbiota has been confirmed as an important part in human health, and is even take ‘organ’. interaction between the host intestinal environment plays a key role digestion, metabolism, immunity, inflammation, diseases. dietary component major factor that affects composition function of microbiota. Food additives have widely used to improve color, taste, aroma, texture, nutritional quality processed food. increasing variety quantity food diets lead increased frequency dose exposure, especially artificial additives, which become concern consumers. There are studies focusing on impact microbiota, long-term exposure could induce changes microbes, related health disease. Therefore, aim this review summarize additives.

Language: Английский

---

Arketamine for cognitive impairment in psychiatric disorders

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 273(7), P. 1513 - 1525

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Cognitive impairment has been observed in patients with various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar (BD). Although modern therapeutic drugs can improve certain symptoms (i.e., psychosis, depression) these patients, have not found to cognitive impairment. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (R,S)-ketamine attracted attention as a rapidly acting antidepressant. In addition its robust antidepressant effects, suggested MDD BD, despite causing healthy control subjects. is racemic mixture of equal amounts (R)-ketamine (or arketamine) (S)-ketamine esketamine). Arketamine more potent antidepressant-like actions than esketamine rodents. Interestingly, arketamine, but esketamine, phencyclidine-induced deficits mice. Furthermore, arketamine ameliorate rodent offspring after maternal immune activation. the current article, it proposed that potential for treating disorders. Additionally, role gut-microbiome-brain axis disorders discussed.

Language: Английский

---