Effects of dietary intervention on human diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Diet, serving as a vital source of nutrients, exerts profound influence on human health and disease progression. Recently, dietary interventions have emerged promising adjunctive treatment strategies not only for cancer but also neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune cardiovascular metabolic disorders. These demonstrated substantial potential in modulating metabolism, trajectory, therapeutic responses. Metabolic reprogramming is hallmark malignant progression, deeper understanding this phenomenon tumors its effects immune regulation significant challenge that impedes eradication. Dietary intake, key environmental factor, can tumor metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates might affect the nutrient availability tumors, thereby increasing efficacy treatments. However, intricate interplay between pathogenesis other diseases complex. Despite encouraging results, mechanisms underlying diet-based remain largely unexplored, often resulting underutilization management. In review, we aim to illuminate various interventions, including calorie restriction, fasting-mimicking diet, ketogenic protein restriction high-salt high-fat high-fiber aforementioned diseases. We explore multifaceted impacts these encompassing their immunomodulatory effects, biological impacts, molecular mechanisms. This review offers valuable insights into application therapies

Language: Английский

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The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 412 - 412

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by accumulation amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles. Currently, (AD) impacts 50 million individuals, with projections anticipating an increase to 152 year 2050. Despite increasing global prevalence AD, its underlying pathology remains poorly understood, posing challenges for early diagnosis treatment. Recent research suggests a link between gut dysbiosis aggregation Aβ, development proteins, occurrence neuroinflammation oxidative stress are associated AD. However, investigations into gut–brain axis (GBA) in context AD progression have yielded inconsistent findings. This review aims enhance our understanding microbial diversity at species level role these pathology. Additionally, this addresses influence confounding elements, including diet, probiotics, prebiotics, on throughout different stages (preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD) progression.

Language: Английский

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The communication mechanism of the gut-brain axis and its effect on central nervous system diseases: A systematic review

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 117207 - 117207

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Influence of Gut–Brain Axis Modulation on Cognitive Health: A Comprehensive Review of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Symbiotics

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 789 - 789

Published: March 10, 2024

Recent research exploring the relationship between gut and brain suggests that condition of microbiota can influence cognitive health. A well-balanced may help reduce inflammation, which is linked to neurodegenerative conditions. Prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics are nutritional supplements functional food components associated with gastrointestinal well-being. The bidirectional communication gut–brain axis essential for maintaining homeostasis, pre-, pro-, potentially affecting various functions such as attention, perception, memory. Numerous studies have consistently shown incorporating into a healthy diet lead improvements in mood. Maintaining support optimal function, crucial disease prevention our fast-paced, Westernized society. Our results indicate benefits older individuals probiotic supplementation but not who good adequate levels physical activity. Additionally, it appears there patients mild impairment Alzheimer’s disease, while mixed seem arise younger healthier individuals. However, important acknowledge individual responses vary, use these dietary should be tailored each individual’s unique health circumstances needs.

Language: Английский

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Microbial signatures and therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 117905 - 117905

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Natural compounds in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of hormonal regulation and therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder characterized by irregularities in gonadotropin secretion, hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. In addition, it often associated with metabolic dysfunctions, most notably insulin resistance (IR). This affects approximately 6–20% of individuals, primarily emerging during early adolescence, considerably increases the risk conditions such as impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidemia, postpartum complications. To date, there no standardized protocol for treating PCOS. Existing therapies rely on personalized pharmacotherapy lifestyle modifications. However, these treatments may lead to adverse effects, medications prescribed PCOS are used off-label have not secured approval from U.S. Food Drug Administration specifically this condition. Recently, natural compounds garnered considerable attention due their efficacy hormone modulation minimal toxicity. Substances myo-inositol, resveratrol, berberine, quercetin shown promise mitigating symptoms. Their multi-target properties offer potential achieve outcomes unattainable single-target pharmaceuticals, particularly managing heterogeneous conditions. review aims comprehensively analyze vivo vitro research alongside clinical interventions evaluate influence prevalence therapeutic potential. These investigations lay groundwork developing innovative strategies

Language: Английский

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Diet and lifestyle impact the development and progression of Alzheimer’s dementia

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 29, 2023

Dementia is a growing public health concern, with an estimated prevalence of 57 million adults worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for 60–80% the cases. Clinical trials testing potential drugs and neuroprotective agents have proven futile, currently approved only provide symptomatic benefits. Emerging epidemiological clinical studies suggest that lifestyle changes, including diet physical activity, offer alternative therapeutic route slowing preventing cognitive decline dementia. Age single most common risk factor dementia, it associated cellular bioenergetics metabolic processes. Therefore, nutrient-rich critical optimal brain health. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes (T2D) AD, diets reduce T2D may confer neuroprotection. Foods predominant in Mediterranean, MIND, DASH diets, fruits, leafy green vegetables, fish, nuts, olive oil, prevent or slow decline. The mechanisms by which these nutrients promote health, however, are not yet completely understood. Other dietary approaches eating regimes, ketogenic intermittent fasting, also emerging as beneficial This review summarizes pathophysiology, factors, pathways activated several regimes shown promising results promoting

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Insulin Sensitivity and Weight Loss, Which Came First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(14), P. 3120 - 3120

Published: July 12, 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) is, nowadays, considered an interesting nutritional approach for weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance. Nevertheless, most of the studies available literature do not allow a clear distinction between its effects on sensitivity per se, induced by KDs sensitivity. In this review, we discuss scientific evidence direct mediated glycemic status humans, describing KD's biochemical background underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Underlying Mechanisms behind the Brain–Gut–Liver Axis and Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3694 - 3694

Published: March 26, 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) includes several metabolic dysfunctions caused by dysregulation in the brain–gut–liver axis and, consequently, increases cardiovascular risks and dysfunction. In MAFLD, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, syndrome are frequently present; these conditions related to lipogenesis systemic inflammation. This study aimed review connection between MAFLD. The inflammatory process, cellular alterations hepatocytes stellate cells, hypercaloric diet, sedentarism aggravate prognosis of patients with Thus, understand modulation physiopathology it is necessary include organokines involved this process (adipokines, myokines, osteokines, hepatokines) their clinical relevance project future perspectives condition bring light new possibilities therapeutic approaches. Adipokines responsible for activation distinct signaling different tissues, such as insulin pro-inflammatory cytokines, which important balancing substances avoid MAFLD its progression. Myokines improve quantity quality adipose contributing avoiding development Finally, hepatokines decisive improving or not progression through regulation anti-inflammatory organokines.

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota–brain axis in neurological disorders

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8)

Published: July 20, 2024

Abstract Previous studies have shown a bidirectional communication between human gut microbiota and the brain, known as microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA). The MGBA influences host's nervous system development, emotional regulation, cognitive function through neurotransmitters, immune modulation, metabolic pathways. Factors like diet, lifestyle, genetics, environment shape composition together. Most research explored how regulates host physiology its potential in preventing treating neurological disorders. However, individual heterogeneity of microbiota, strains playing dominant role diseases, interactions these microbial metabolites with central/peripheral systems still need exploration. This review summarizes driving neurodevelopmental disorders (autism spectrum disorder attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder), neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's Parkinson's disease), mood (anxiety depression) recent years discusses current clinical preclinical microbe‐based interventions, including dietary intervention, probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation. It also puts forward insufficient on provides framework for further

Language: Английский

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